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a) A polyfunctional acid is an acid that has more than one functional group.

b) The equations of dissociation of phosphoric acid are:    

c) The equation for calculating the concentration of H₃O⁺ is [tex] [H_{3}O^{+}] = (\frac{K_{1}K_{2}K_{3}[H_{3}PO_{4}]}{[PO_{4}^{-3}]})^{1/3} [/tex]

a) A polyfunctional acid can be defined as an acid that has more than one functional group. Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) is an example of polyfunctional acid since it is composed of three hydroxyl groups joined to a phosphorus atom, which is also joined to an oxygen atom by a double bound. In that structure, the three hydrogen atoms of the hydroxyl groups give the acidic behavior to this compound.                  

b) Phosphoric acid has three equations of dissociation:  

The dissociation constants for the three above equations are:

[tex] K_{1} = \frac{[H_{2}PO_{4}^{-}][H_{3}O^{+}]}{[H_{3}PO_{4}]} [/tex]   (4)

[tex] K_{2} = \frac{[HPO_{4}^{2-}][H_{3}O^{+}]}{[H_{2}PO_{4}^{-}]} [/tex]    (5)

[tex] K_{3} = \frac{[PO_{4}^{3-}][H_{3}O^{+}]}{[HPO_{4}^{2-}]} [/tex]    (6)

c) We can calculate the concentration of H₃O⁺ for each equilibrium with the equations (4), (5), and (6).    

The general reaction of dissociation of phosphoric acid is given by the sum of equations (1), (2), and (3):

H₃PO₄ + 3H₂O ⇄ PO₄³⁻ + 3H₃O⁺   (7)  

The concentration of H₃O⁺ for the total dissociation reaction (eq 7) can be found as follows:  

[tex] K_{t} = \frac{[PO_{4}^{-3}][H_{3}O^{+}]^{3}}{[H_{3}PO_{4}]} [/tex]   (8)

Where:

[tex] K_{t} = K_{1}*K_{2}*K_{3} [/tex]

Hence, by knowing the dissociation constants K₁, K₂ and K₃, and the concentrations of PO₄³⁻ and H₃PO₄, the [H₃O⁺] is:

[tex][H_{3}O^{+}] = (\frac{K_{1}K_{2}K_{3}[H_{3}PO_{4}]}{[PO_{4}^{-3}]})^{1/3}[/tex]

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From  the information given;

To determine the mass flow rate, let's start by understanding some concepts and parameters.

The power is known to be the energy per unit of time. Mathematically, it can be written as:

[tex]\mathbf{Power = \dfrac{Energy}{Time}}[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf{P =\dfrac{E_p}{time}}[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf{P =\dfrac{m\times g\times z}{time}}[/tex]

where;

Thus;

[tex]\mathbf{E_p}[/tex] = m × 9.81 m/s² × 50 m

[tex]\mathbf{E_p}[/tex] = m × 490.5 (m²/s²)

Recall that:

∴

[tex]\mathbf{E_p}[/tex] = 0.91 × 490.5m (m²/s²)

[tex]\mathbf{E_p}[/tex] = 446.355m (m²/s²)

Since the resulting power transmission is said to be 8%

Then;

the loss in the power transmission (P) = 100% - 8% ×  446.355m (m²/s²)

the loss in the power transmission (P) = 92%  ×  446.355m (m²/s²)

the loss in the power transmission (P) = 0.92  ×  446.355m (m²/s²)

the loss in the power transmission (P) =  410.65m (m²/s²)

Finally;

P = 410.65m (m²/s²)

[tex]\mathbf{P = 410.65 \times m (\dfrac{m^2}{s^2})}[/tex]

replacing the values, we have:

[tex]\mathbf{200 = 410.65 \times m (\dfrac{m^2}{s^2})}[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf{m = \dfrac{200 watt}{410.65\times (\dfrac{m^2}{s^2})}}[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf{m = \dfrac{200 \dfrac{J}{s}}{410.65\times (\dfrac{m^2}{s^2})}}[/tex]

since 1 J/s = 1 kgm²/s²)

Then:

[tex]\mathbf{m = \dfrac{200 \dfrac{\dfrac{kg\times m^2}{s^2}}{s}}{410.65\times (\dfrac{m^2}{s^2})}}[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf{m = \dfrac{200 \ {kg}}{410.65 \ s}}[/tex]

mass flow rate of the water (m) = 0.487 kg/s

Therefore, we can conclude that the mass flow rate of the water required to power a 200 W bulb light is 0.487 kg/s

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Answer:

D. Acetone is captured and cooled.

The correct answer is option D: Acetone is captured and cooled.

Distillation is a method of separation based on the difference in boiling point of two liquids.

The liquid that has a lower boiling point is first separated from the mixture. It vaporizes, cooled and collected before the liquid that has a higher boiling point.

In this case, acetone is captured and cooled before water since it has a boiling point of 56ºC and water has a boiling point of 100ºC.

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Answer:

1.answer = pushing force

= pulling force

=gravity force

The third quantum number (m) describes the specific orbital within a sublevel. The correct answer is option D.

Quantum numbers are a set of four numbers that describe the properties of an electron in an atom. They specify the energy, position, and orientation of an electron in an atom.

The third quantum number (m) is also called the magnetic quantum number. It describes the orientation of the orbital in space. Each orbital within a sublevel has a different orientation in space, and the magnetic quantum number tells us which orbital we are talking about.

The value of m can range from -l to +l, where l is the second quantum number (the angular momentum quantum number). The value of l determines the number of orbitals in a sublevel, and the value of m determines the specific orbital within that sublevel.

In conclusion, the third quantum number (m) describes the specific orbital within a sublevel. It tells us how the orbital is oriented in space, and it can have values ranging from[tex]\rm -l \ to +l[/tex], where l is the second quantum number.

Option D is the correct answer.

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Answer:

8 CO₂(g)

Explanation:

just took the exam

Answer:

the answer is 5.83x1020 molecules

Explanation:

I'd really appreciate a brainleast

Explanation:

Answer

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The initial temperature of the coffee T0=100∘C.

The temperature of the room 15∘C.

Let T be the temperature at time t in minutes.

By Newton's law of cooling,

dtdTα(T−15)

∴dtdT=k(T−15)

⇒T−15dT=kdt

⇒∫T−15dT=∫kdt

⇒log(T−15)=kt+logc

⇒log(cT−15)=kt

⇒T−15=cekt

At t=0,T=100

We have 100−15=ce0⇒85=c

Thus we get T−15=85ekt.

When t=5minutes,T=60

⇒60−15=85e5k.

⇒e

The structures are shown in the image attached.

A structural formula is the representation of the molecule in which all atoms and bonds in the molecule are shown.

Since the question requires that all the lone pairs, formal charges and sigma and pi bonds should be shown, then the simple condensed structural formula becomes insufficient in this case.

I have attached images of the structural formula of sodium benzoate (image 1), benzoic acid (image 2)  and tetrahydrofuran (image 3).

All the formal charges, lone pairs as well as sigma and pi bonds are fully shown.

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Answer:

CaCl2 has ionic bond because here calcium gives its electron to the chlorine atom and becomes positivetly charged ion.

According to Arrhenius definition of acids, [tex]NH4^+[/tex] is an acid.

According  to Arrhenius  definition of acids and bases, acid is any substance that produces hydrogen ion in solution as its only positive ion.

Following this definition, let us now consider what happens when [tex]NH4^+[/tex] is introduced into a water;

[tex]NH4^+[/tex](aq)-------> NH3(aq) + [tex]H^+[/tex](aq)

Hence, according to Arrhenius definition of acids, [tex]NH4^+[/tex] is an acid.

For another example of Arrhenius acids, see

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Cellulose is insoluble in water which is made up of glucose because it possesses high inter and intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl groups of the neighboring chains.

Due to being insoluble in nature, it serves as the fundamental component of the cell membrane in the plant. This is why the cell wall of plant cells are made of cellulose.

The chains of the cellulose are strongly bonded to each other. So, it is very difficult for the molecules of water to rupture or destruct these bonds between the chains. It is a hydrogen bond cross-linked polymer and more complex than glucose.

Therefore, due to high inter and intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl groups of the neighboring chains, cellulose is insoluble in water.

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a)

HSO₃⁻ + OH⁻ → H₂SO₄⁽²⁻⁾

In this reaction, we know that OH will act as a base. which means that the bisulfite ion will act as an acid

also because SO₃⁽²⁻⁾ will be relative more stable than O⁽²⁻⁾ because of larger valence shell. so HSO₃ will protonate. making it the acid

b)

HSO₃⁻ + H₃O⁺ → H₂SO₃

Here, the hydronium ion will be the one to protonate because that will help it form water, which is a much stabler compound

so the hydronium ion will protonate, making it the acid and the bisulfite will take that proton, making it the base

Answer:

State functions represent quantities or properties of a thermodynamic system, while non-state functions represent a process during which the state functions change. For example, the state function PV is proportional to the internal energy of an ideal gas, but the work W is the amount of energy transferred as the system performs work.

Explanation:

Answer:

It is a combustion reaction.

Answer:

Na2S(aq)+Cd(No3)2(aq)=CdS(s)+2NaNo3(aq)

Answer: it’s checkbox 2&3

Explanation:

Since Kc is

[tex]k = \frac{(products)}{(reactants)} [/tex]

You can insert the Hydrogen and Iodine gas on top, and Hydrogen Iodide in the denominator.

Note: you can only include gases and aqueous species in an equilibrium expression, and all the species in this reaction are gaseous so you're good.

Inserting their molarity at equilibrium into their places, and you can solve. Don't forget to make the coefficient of HI turn into a power.

Answer:

A substance that dissociates into ions in solution acquires the capacity to conduct electricity. Sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, magnesium, and phosphate are examples of electrolytes.

Answer From Gauth Math

Attached are the lewis structures,

The proton released by water bonds to the nitrogen, because it can hold charges relatively better than carbon because of it's bigger size

Answer:

Higher temperature = more bouncing.

So, the correct answer is that there will be less bouncing at 39 degrees F. (Lower at 39 F)

Let me know if this helps!

Answer:

the answer to your question is ar 126

Answer:

d. north pole on the top edge and south pole on the bottom edge

Explanation:

Answer:

When you heat ice, its temperature rises, but as soon as the ice starts to melt, the temperature stays constant until all the ice has melted. This happens because all the heat energy goes into breaking the bonds of the ice's crystal lattice structure.

Explanation:

The temperature stop rising while ice melts into water because, the energy is being absorbed to separate the particles. This is because of latent heat of fusion.

The amount of energy needed to convert the solid substance into a liquid substance by modifying its physical effects. It exists also named enthalpy of fusion. When heat exists supplied to ice, it begins melting and heat is used to increase temperature initially. But after the occasional temperature of ice does not vary and the extra heat exists utilized to melt the ice by cracking bonds between crystal lattice of ice.

The temperature stops increasing while the ice melts into the water because the energy exists being absorbed to divide the particles. This exists because of the latent heat of fusion.

Therefore, (D) option is the correct answer.

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Answer:

A

Explanation:

A rain forest is hotter than the tundra because it is closer to the equator

Answer:

Two methods which help us to conserve water are:

Sprinkler irrigation system: this irrigation has an arrangement of vertical pipes with rotating nozzles on the top. It is more useful in the uneven and sandy land where sufficient water is not available.

Drip irrigation system: this irrigation system has an arrangement of pipes or tubes with very small holes in them to water plants drop by drop just at the base of the root. It is very efficient as water is not wasted at all.

Answer:

Explanation:

B.

by breaking the bonds between atoms in molecules

Answer:

since mass percent is based on the proportions of elements in a compound, the mass of a sample does not matter

The mass percent or percentage by mass of a chemical compound is a constant.

Mass percent can be defined as percentage by mass and it is the concentration of a given amount (quantity) of element in a chemical compound or a component of a mixture.

The mass percent or percentage by mass of a chemical compound is a constant, regardless of the amount of substance that is present. Thus, all chemical compound always have a constant composition because mass percent is typically based on the proportions of the elements contained in a chemical compound.

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Answer:

Answer is Option A

Explanation:

it's the correct answer

This dissociation occur because:

O had to bond with H due to the Hydrogen bonding rule, which will form OH~ (Hydroxide).

K is more attracted to Hydroxide than Cl, so it will depart Cl and bond with OH~.

that leaves a H and a Cl, which one has a positive charge and the other has a negative, so they will bond and form Hydrochloric Acid.