name three pathogens that are attacked by the immune system

Answers

Answer 1
bacteria, viruses, and fungi are all pathogens that are attacked by the immune system.
Answer 2

Answer:

hi i think the first person answer is right


Related Questions

Can a person’s genotype be determined by their phenotype? Why or why not?

Answers

Answer:

i hope it help

Explanation:

A person's genotype is not determined by their phenotype. The genotype is the genetic makeup of an individual and is the basic instructions for how the cell should make proteins that make up our traits. The phenotype is the physical appearance or characteristics of the person.

What is science DO NOT COPY AND PASTE!!!

Answers

Accorfing to me science is all about logic and imagination.First, imaginating and putting own views then finding reasons behind it and proving.........

Answer:

Science is the study of both living and non-living things that are present in the huge diversity in this mysterious yet unique world.

Need help someone knows the answer

Answers

Answer:

I believe it is B

In developing follicles of the mammalian ovary, the thecal cells secrete testosterone. If the granulosa cells of a follicle are unable to convert this testosterone to _______, they will not express enough FSH and LH receptors to allow for follicle maturation and _______.

Answers

The answer is:

In developing follicles of the mammalian ovary, the thecal cells secrete testosterone. If the granulosa cells of a follicle are unable to convert this testosterone to “estrogen” they will not express enough FSH and LH receptors to allow for follicle maturation and “ovulation”.

estrogen; ovulation

In developing follicles of the mammalian ovary, the thecal cells secrete testosterone. If the granulosa cells of a follicle are unable to convert this testosterone to estrogen, they will not express enough FSH and LH receptors to allow for follicle maturation and ovulation.

What are Developing follicles?

Female mammals, including humans, have developing follicles in their ovaries, which are tiny sacs filled with fluid. The immature egg, or oocyte, found in each follicle is encased in layers of specialized cells, comprising thecal cells and granulosa cells.

Under the influence of hormones like follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), these follicles develop and mature until one dominant follicle is chosen for ovulation. Normal reproductive function depends on the complex process of follicle formation and maturation.

Therefore, in developing follicles of the mammalian ovary, the thecal cells secrete testosterone. If the granulosa cells of a follicle are unable to convert this testosterone to estrogen, they will not express enough FSH and LH receptors to allow for follicle maturation and ovulation.

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What are the physical characteristics that all specimens have in common

Answers

1. All living organisms are made of cells which perform functions necessary for that organism to survive in its environment
2. All living organisms, weather single called or multicellular, expand energy.
3. We all grow and change through the process of cell division or mitosis.
4. Reproduction (either sexually or asexually) - this allows our species to still exist.
5. Adaptation - we all adapt to an environment other species can’t.

The physical characteristics that all specimens have in common can be presence of cells, as there is no specimen given, let's take animals. A dichotomous key can be used to find the similarity.

What is a specimen?

A specimen can be anything that is displayed regarding the subject. In labs the specimens can be chemicals, animals, plants, any objects, etc.

Specimens are displayed to learn about them, to see the actual version of that animal that can not be seen easily.

Thus, Because no specimen is provided, let's take animals as an example, the presence of cells is a trait that all specimens share. To find the similarity, a dichotomous key might be utilized.

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Which of the following statements are true about antibodies?

A. Both Polyclonal and Monoclonal antibodies are naturally produced in immune
responses.
B. Polyclonal antibodies are part of the natural immune response; monoclonal antibodies
are clones of plasma cells used for medical research.

C. Polyclonal antibodies are used for the treatment of cancer, monoclonal antibodies are
used for medical research.
D. Monoclonal antibodies work against many types of antigens; polyclonal antibodies
work against a specific antigen.

Answers

Answer:

both a and b are the correct answers

If everyone on the planet used the same amount of resources as an average American, what percent of the Earth would
need to be used to support everyone?
A. 75%
B. 50%
C. 150%
D. 200%

Answers

Answer:

D. 200%

Explanation:

While Americans constitute the 5% of the world population, they use around the 24% of the world's energy.

Then, if the 100% of the population were like the Americans, we have:

5%*x = 100%

x = 100%/5% = 20

the whole population is 20 times the population of the US, then the total energy used is 20 times the energy used in the US.

Then the energy that the 100% of the population would use is equal to:

20*24% = 480%

So we actually would need like 5 Earths.

The option is 200%

What are true of multicellular organisms

Answers

Answer:

hope this answer help you

what is meaning of H2O and compound​

Answers

Explanation:

H2O is water and compound is an opposite of elements

Determine the correct sequence of events for the production of a human protein in a bacterium. I. Target gene is inserted into a plasmid II. Bacterium replicates in a fermenter III. Bacteria produces target protein IV. Modified plasmid is inserted into bacterium

Answers

Answer:

I. Target gene inserted into plasmid

IV. Modified plasmid is inserted into bacterium

II. Bacterium replicates in a fermenter

III. Bacteria produces target protein

Pls I need help with this question they didn’t say anything about it

Answers

Answer:

I don’t know

Explanation:

What is cell answer it thank u good day​

Answers

Vas happenin!

A cell is The smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning
Hope this helps *smiles*

Quiz
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TIME
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How many amino acids must be obtained in the diet because they cannot be made by the body?
Оооо
10
20

Answers

Answer:

10

Explanation:

The body is unable to produce essential amino acids. Because the body is unable to produce 9 amino acids, they must be received through diet. Thus, option A is the best choice.

What are Essential amino acids?

An obligatory amino acid, also known as an essential amino acid, is one that the body cannot produce quickly enough to meet need and must thus be obtained from the food.

Humans and other animals cannot generate essential amino acids from metabolic intermediates. The body lacks the metabolic processes necessary to produce these amino acids, thus they must be obtained from an external diet.

The body is unable to produce essential amino acids. They must therefore originate from food. Histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine are the nine essential amino acids.

Therefore, option A is the best choice.

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Your question is incomplete, most probably the complete question is :

How many amino acids must be obtained in the diet because they cannot be made by the body?

91020

The operation of the sodium-potassium pump moves ________. A) sodium and potassium ions into the cell B) sodium and potassium ions out of the cell C) sodium ions into the cell and potassium ions out of the cell D) sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell

Answers

operation of SODIUM-POTASSIUM PUMP moves sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell. The correct option is D.

When a cell membrane moves molecules or ions against a concentration gradient or against an electrical or pressure gradient, the process is called ACTIVE TRANSPORT. Different substances that are actively transported include:

--> sodium ions,

--> potassium ions,

--> calcium ions and

--> some amino acids.

There are two types of active transport which are divided according to the energy that is used to cause the transport. They include:

--> primary and

--> secondary active transport.

PRIMARY ACTIVE TRANSPORT

A typical example is the SODIUM-POTASSIUM PUMP( Na+ - k+). This is a transport process that pumps sodium ions outward through the cell membrane of all cells and at the same time pumps potassium ions from the outside to the inside. This pump helps to:

--> maintain the sodium and potassium concentration differences across the cell membrane

--> establish a negative electrical voltage inside the cells.

The mechanism or OPERATION of the pump involves the following steps:

--> two potassium ions bind on the outside of the carrier protein and three sodium ions bind on the inside,

--> ATpase of the carrier protein cleaves one molecule of ATP, splitting it to Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and liberating a high-energy phosphate bond of energy.

--> this liberated energy then causes a chemical and conformational change in the carrier protein,

-->this leads to the extruding of three sodium ions (3Na+) to the outside and two potassium ions (2K+) to the inside.

Therefore in the operation of SODIUM-POTASSIUM PUMP moves sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell. The correct option is D.

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Why is the sequence of amino acids important to the properties of a protein?

It provides structural support; the structure determines the function.
It retains and transmits important biological information.
It stores energy and provides covering to avoid water loss.
It stores energy and provides structural support for cells.

Answers

Answer:

it provides structural support, the structure determines the function

Answer:

it provides structural support, the structure determines the function

Explanation:

took the test and I got it right :) happy learning everyone

1 A large quantity of fertiliser has been washed into a stream. Decide whether the following 'rise' or 'fall'.

a) Concentration of minerals in the water
b) Total biomass of algae
c) Light levels below the surface
d) Amount of photosynthesis below the surface
e) Mass of decomposing organic matter f ) Number of bacteria
g ) Amount of respiration below the surface
h ) Amount of oxygen dissolved in the water
i) Number of mayfly nymphs in the water j) Number of fish in the water​

Answers

A rise b rise c fall d fall e rise g fall I think h is fall and fall for I also

Why do oxygen levels drop sharply during eutrophication?

Answers

Explanation:

during eutrophication, there is a presence of excess algae in the water body. this causes an excess overconsumption of available organic materials by algae, causing the oxygen levels to reduce rapidly.

When the algae population grows rapidly, it may hinder sunlight from reaching other lifeforms and cause dissolved oxygen levels to fall.

What is eutrophication?

Eutrophication is the substantial increase in phosphorus, nitrogen, and other organic material in an ageing aquatic environment such as a lake.

As the amount of organic material that can be subdivided into nutrients increases, so does the efficiency or fertility of such an ecosystem.

When the algae population grows rapidly, it may prevent sunshine from reaching other organisms and cause dissolved oxygen levels to fall.

The primary environmental impacts of eutrophication are an increase in suspended particles caused by extensive macroalgal blooms, a decrease in water clarity, and an increase in precipitation rate, which has resulted in the destruction of benthic habitat due to shading of submerged vegetation.

Thus, this way, oxygen levels drop sharply during eutrophication.

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Plant
cell can be identified by the process of
A) Choloroplast
B) plasma membrana
c) cell wall
D)Mitochondria
A )i and ii (B) i and iii
(c) ii and iii (0) iv only​

Answers

Explanation:

i think it is choloroplast

the answer is A, chloroplast.

3. A heat insulating substance is;​

Answers

Plastic, rubber, wood, and ceramics

1.Explain what makes a scientific experiment reliable. Be sure to include at least three reasons to support your answer.

2.During research, why is it important to use peer reviewed evidence when collecting background information during a scientific investigation?

Answers

An experiment is reliable when its repetition produce always the same result. In science, peer review is fundamental because this process ensures that there is not misleading data that may lead to erroneous results.

In sciences, reliability is a term used to evaluate the quality of research. Reliability refers to the probability that an experiment or result is correct, thereby preventing and mitigating failures over time.  

An experiment whose successive repetitions conduct the same result is 100% reliable.  

Three examples of reliability in science: the same measurement of the size of the leg of a spider. the observation of the same behavior of birds populations on different days and at different times of the day. the same byproducts from a given chemical reaction when an experiment is repeated two or more times.

Peer review is the most widely accepted process used to validate scientific data. This process (peer review) is fundamental to facilitate the growth of scientific knowledge.

During peer review, independent scientists assess the originality, reliability, and significance of a scientific work before its publication.

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Answer:

i hade this assesement i aced it but this is only one part of it there is more

Explanation:

Question 6(Multiple Choice Worth
l
Marta wants to explain how pollution is affecting the biodiversity of a local lake. Which of the following models are most appropriate options to use in her explanation?
1. Graph
II. 3-D model
III. Simulation
OI and II
Oil and III
OI and III
OI only
helpppp nowww

Answers

Ecosystems are impacted by air pollution, particularly sulphur and nitrogen emissions, and ground-level ozone as it affects their ability to function and grow. Nutrient overloads in aquatic ecosystems can cause algae blooms and ultimately a loss of oxygen, and of life

What’s the most significant greenhouse gas increase

Answers

Answer:

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary greenhouse gas emitted through human activities.

Need help anyone knows the answer

Answers

Answer:

landfill materials

besause it seems like the image show n

Approximately how many mutations occur naturally in DNA per 10,000 bases?
A. 2
B. 2000
C. 200
D. 20

Answers

Explanation:

Modern methods indicate that the mutation rate is roughly one to two mutation per 10,000 genes per generation.

In human cells, approximately TWO (2) MUTATIONS occur naturally in DNA per 10,000 bases (Option A is correct).

The mutation rate (u) refers to the occurrence of new mutations in a given nucleotide sequence over time.

In human cells, the mutation rate is approximately 10⁻⁴ per generation.

Therefore, in a DNA sequence that has 10,000 base pairs of length, this value is equal to 2 mutations per generation (u = 2 / 10,000 = 10⁻⁴).  

In conclusion, approximately 2 MUTATIONS occur naturally in DNA per 10,000 bases (Option A is correct).

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In almost all criminal cases, eyewitnesses are used in order to build a case for someone’s innocence or guilt. Should eyewitness accounts be the sole evidence used to convict the accused? Explain your view.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

No never.

There is a famous psychology experiment where people sit in classroom in such a way that the person on either side of you can't hear what you say. This works best with more than 20 people.

The first person composes a sentence that has 3 facts in it. He whispers it to the second person who relays it to the third until the last person is told. The point of the experiment is to show that the last person isn't normally able to correctly repeat the 3 facts. In fact, most often what is given is quite mixed up and incorrect.

That's what's wrong with eye witness accounts. You can be certain of what you saw. You can also get it all mixed up.

How are mitosis and binary fission similar?
A. They produce identical daughter cells.
B. They occur only in prokaryotes.
C. They involve division of nuclei as well as cytoplasm.
D. They occur only during sexual reproduction.

Answers

Answer:

They produce identical daughter cells.

Describe how urine is formed, beginning with the blood. Make it 5th grade not avanced

Answers

How is it formed?

Urine is formed in the kidneys of a human being. The urine is passed from kidney to bladder through the ureters. The urine is stored in the bladder. On urination, it is passed from bladder to urethra followed by excretion from the body.

Step by step explanation-

Inside the kidney are present numerous cells called nephrons. Each nephron consists of a small tube called a renal tubule. When urea, ammonia and other waste materials combine, it forms urine and it passes through the nephrons and down the renal tubules of the kidney.

I have made this as short as possible for 5th standard students.

An object with a mass of 12.59 grams was immersed in water in a graduated cylinder. The volume of the water before was 56.7 mL. After the object was placed in the water, the volume read 63.0 mL. If density = mass/volume, calculate the density of the object to the correct sig figs.

Answers

Answer:

[tex]\boxed {\boxed {\sf \rho \approx 2.00 \ g /mL}}[/tex]

Explanation:

The density is the mass per unit volume. It is calculated using the following formula.

[tex]\rho = \frac{m}{v}[/tex]

The mass of the object is 12.59 grams.

The volume was found using water displacement. A known quantity of water was placed in a graduated cylinder (56.7 mL), then the object was added and the water level was recorded again (63.0 mL)The volume of the object is the difference between the initial water volume and the final water volume.

v= final water volume - initial water volume v= 63.0 mL - 56.7 mL v= 6.3 mL

Now we know the mass and volume of the object and we can substitute the values into the formula.

[tex]\rho = \frac{12.59 \ g }{6.3 \ mL}[/tex]

Divide.

[tex]\rho = 1.998412698 \ g/mL[/tex]

The original measurements have 4 and 3 significant figures. We always round our answer to the least number of sig figs, which is 3. For the number we found, that is the hundredth place. The 8 in the thousandth place tells us to round the 9 up to a 0 (hundredth place), then the 9 up to a 0 (tenth place), and the 1 up to a 2 (ones place).

[tex]\rho \approx 2.00 \ g/mL[/tex]

The density of the object is approximately 2.00 grams per milliliter.

Tiny structures that carry out cell functions are collectively called:

Answers

Answer:

YOUR ANSWER IS ORGANELLES .

THEY CARRY DIFFERENT FUNCTION INSIDE A CELL.

HOPE IT HELPS

The tiny structures that carry out various functions in a cell are collectively called organelles.

Organelles are microscopic in nature. Just like we have various organ parts in the human body that performs several body functions, so also do we have various organelles in a cell that carry out specific functions within a cell.

Organelles which can be referred to as "little organs" include the following: mitochondrion, nucleus, lysosomes, ribosomes, chloroplasts and so on.

Thus, all these tiny structures listed above which carry out cell functions are collectively called organelles.

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sustitución de una es estructura que el animal ha perdido​

Answers

Answer:

we'll need a translator to get what you expressing

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