Answer:
Sperm cells are not normally exposed to blood, but if they are, the immune system may produce __auto-antibodies__ against sperm cells' __auto-antigens_ and render someone sterile.
Explanation:
Auto-antibodies are antibodies that can destroy cells from the same organism. They are mistakenly directed against organs or tissues of the same organisms, causing auto-immune diseases or affections. The autoantibodies action occurs when the organism fails in recognizing its own cells and faces them as strange elements.
Auto-antigen is the molecule produces by the body that fails in being recognized due to a break up in the tolerance mechanisms, triggering an immune response.
In the exposed example, sperm cells do not usually mix with blood. So when they do, blood cells recognize them as strange bodies and act against them. Sterility might be an effect of this auto-immune response.
What role does mutation play in the evolution of a species and the development of new characteristics?
Answer:
Mutation plays a vital part in evolution; it is the greatest source of genetic variation. In evolution, it creates a new DNA sequence for a particular gene, creating a new allele. Additionally, recombination can produce a DNA sequence (a new allele) for a specific gene through intragenic recombination.
Explanation:
Hope this helps!
why is meiosis called reduction division?
: Meiosis is sometimes called "reduction division" because it reduces the number of chromosomes to half the normal number so that, when fusion of sperm and egg occurs, baby will have the correct number. Therefore the purpose of meiosis is to produce gametes, the sperm and eggs, with half of the genetic complement of the parent cells.
Which of the following describes a predator?
A a fish that is killed and eaten.
B a bear that kills and eats fish
C a worm that lives inside a bear
D a bear that has a worms in its gut.
Answer:
b
Explanation:
a predator is a bear that kills and eats fish
Answer:
B. bear that kills and eat fish
which primitive organic molecule was essential to form lipid bilayer?
Answer:
autocatalytic RNA is the primitive organic molecules was essential form liquid bilayer .
Read the information below then answer the questions which follow:
To grow, plants require water. They cannot get this water unless it is available in the soil. Plants
obtain water from the soil through their roots. It then passes up the stem and to the leaves and
flowers. The plant does not take all the water available in the soil. Much of the remaining water
evaporates into the surrounding air.
In an experiment, a stem which contained several flowers were placed in a beaker of water
containing red ink.
QUESTION 1
(1 mark)
What is the purpose of the experiment?
Answer:
I believe the experiment was too see if the flowers that would grow from the stem would turn out to be red in color. (Which is the reason they put red ink.)
(hope this helped :P)
g The greater tubercle of the humerus is analog to the _______________. Group of answer choices lesser tubercle of the humerus lesser trochanter of the humerus greater trochanter of the femur lesser trochanter of the femur
Answer:
greater trochanter of the femur
Explanation:
Analogous structures refer to those that are similar morphologically and even have a similar function in the organism, but their genetic origin differs.
The origin and embryological development of these organs are not the same.
Both structures are muscles insertion points or surfaces. These muscles are related to the extremity movement.
function of graffian follicle
Answer:
It provides for the maturation and release of a fertilizable oocyte
Explanation:
let me know if you have any questions
For those women who are not progressing at all or the baby is showing early signs of distress, the decision is
often made to induce labor. This uses a synthetic form of oxytocin, called Pitocin, which is given intravenously
(IV) to the woman to get the contractions going. It is often stopped after a few hours. Why might that be?
Answer:
It is common for contractions to occur every often meaning a sign of labor might be happening soon
Explanation:
Simply meaning your brain is telling your system the baby is ready
If you measured the energy content of organisms in each trophic level in an ecosystem, which would have the greatest total energy content
What is a community?
1 all the animals that live in a habitat
2 a single species that lives in a habitat
3 all the species that live in a habitat
4 a population that lives in a single habitat
Answer:
3. All the species that live in a habitat.
A community is where all the species live in a habitat. Hence the correct option is 1.
A community is an ecological term that encompasses all the different species of organisms that coexist and interact within a specific habitat or geographic area. It includes plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms that share the same environment and form intricate ecological relationships with each other.
These relationships can be competitive, predatory, symbiotic, or other forms of interactions that influence the dynamics and structure of the community. Understanding the composition and interactions within a community is vital in studying the biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and overall health of a given habitat.
Hence the correct option is 1.
To know more about community here
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Scenario 1:
Genetic engineering can be used to create more productive strains of farm animals used for milk and meat production. By adding genes to an animal’s DNA, the animal can be made to be more resistant to common infections. This can reduce the need to administer large doses of antibiotics to the animals.
Do you think that this type of genetic engineering should be pursued? Explain your answer. (5 points)
What are some possible impacts (positive and negative) of this type of genetic engineering on individuals, society, and the environment? (5 points)
Scenario 2:
Mike was adopted, and his biological family history is unknown. Although he is healthy, he would like some understanding of his genetic makeup, including potential health risks and genes that he could pass on to his children. Mike has heard about commercial laboratories that can compare segments of your DNA to those of people with common hereditary diseases in order to give you some idea of how susceptible you are to the diseases. The results of these types of tests are highly inconclusive. If Mike’s DNA showed that he shares similarities in a segment of DNA with people who have a given disease, his chances of developing that disease or passing it on to his children may be slightly elevated, but they are not 100 percent. These tests can cost more than $2,500 and are not covered by many insurance companies.
Do you think that Mike should undergo the genetic tests? Explain your answer. (2 points)
What are potential pros and cons of having such tests done? (5 points)
Describe how the availability of these genetic tests might affect the frequency of genetic diseases in individuals and populations. (3 points)
Due to brainly not accepting my essay, I have instead included a image of it. :D
A population of lab rats recently escaped into the sewer system of Washington, D.C. A brave researcher sampled this population and estimated the following phenotypic frequencies (which were caused by a single gene with two alleles: E and e).
61% normal eyes (EE)
26% cross-eyed (Ee)
13% blind (ee)
If this population were to reach a Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) in one generation, what would the phenotypic frequencies be in that new HWE generation? Let freq (e)=p and freq (e)=q. (Tip first calculate p and q from the observed, and provided, phenotypic frequencies)
freq EE =
freq Ee =
freq ee =
Answer:
freq EE = 0.55 freq Ee = 0.38 freq ee = 0.07Explanation:
Due to technical problems, you will find the complete explanation in the attached files.
In another experiment, the leu gene was found to be located 5 minutes from the pro gene. In which location(s) in the gene map could the leu gene be located? (Note that the distances depicted between the genes on the map are not to scale.)
Answer: Hello your question has some missing data attached below is the missing data
answer:
positions : A and E
Explanation:
Given that the leu gene was found 5 minutes from pro⁺ gene hence it can be located either after the bio⁺ gene or before met⁺ genes
hence the locations in the gene map = A and E
attached below is the transfer of genes
Match the following description with the appropriate type of respiration:
a. occurs in the mitochondria
b. resting muscles depend on this type of respiration
c. lactic acid builds up in muscle fibers
d. rapidly produces ATP for short time periods
e. produces large quantities of ATP but takes longer to synthesize
1. anaerobic respiration
2. aerobic respiration
Answer:
The correct answer is -
1. c, and d.
2. a, b, and e.
Explanation:
Anaerobic respiration is the short and quick way of producing energy, however, it produces less amount of energy than aerobic respiration and produces lactic acid as a byproduct. It takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell and working or acting muscles depend on such respiration.
Aerobic respiration is the main and important respiration process that takes place in mitochondria and it takes time to produce ATPs that are much more than anaerobic respiration. Resting muscles get energy by this type of respiration.
Match the following Rose Water hyacinth Hydrilla Lotus Pine trees Mango trees A non-flowering plant A flowering plant A floating plant A underwater plant Hot and plain place Cold places Name the following
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How does energy acquisition in the deep sea differ from energy acquisition near the ocean’s surface?
a.
Organisms in the deep sea acquire energy directly from the sun.
b.
Organisms near the ocean’s surface rely on chemosynthesis rather than photosynthesis.
c.
Organisms in the deep sea do not have direct access to sunlight.
d.
Organisms in the deep sea have no means to obtain energy unless they travel to the ocean’s surface.
Answer:
Organisms in the deep sea acquire energy directly from the sun.
what is cyclic and noncyclic photo-phosphorylation
Explanation:
The photophosphorylation process which results in the movement of the electrons in a cyclic manner for synthesizing ATP molecules is called cyclic photophosphorylation. ... During cyclic photophosphorylation, the electrons are transferred back to P700 instead of moving into the NADP from the electron acceptor
hope it helps you
A stem cell is
A. A specialized cell that can divide limitlessly but cant differentiate
B. A specialized cell that can divide limitlessly.
C. An unspecialized cell that cant divide limitlessly nor differentiate into specialized cell.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
They divide to form more cells called daughter cells under proper conditions
Acidic amino acids have two -COOH and one -NH2 group per molecule. Select the pair that consists of acidic amino acid
a) Aspartic Acid , Glutamic Acid
b) Lysine , arginine
c) Glycine and alanine
d) Both a and b
Answer:
Its Aspartic acid, glutamic acid
I HOPE ITS RIGHT IF NOT THEN SORRY :)Answer:
a) Aspartic Acid , Glutamic Acid are acidic amino acids
Explanation:
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In Drosophila melanogaster the recessive alleles for brown and scarlet eyes (of two independent genes) produce a novel phenotype so that bw/bw;st/st is white. If a pure-breeding brown is crossed to a pure-breeding scarlet, what proportion of the F2 will be white
In eukaryotes, miR-5 is a microRNA with sequence complementarity to the 3’UTR of the mRNA transcript encoded by the UCD gene. The UCD gene encodes for a protein that acts as an allosteric activator of the protein p101. The p101 protein is a DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) which is an enzyme that methylates DNA when the protein is in its active form.
A) In a lung cancer cell line, the p101 protein is overly active leading to misregulation of gene expression. In these lung cancer cells which of the following would be a correct prediction in regards to miR-5? [choose ALL that apply, note that incorrect selections will deduct points]
A) The gene encoding miR-5 is in a region of chromatin with hypoacetylation
B) The gene encoding miR-5 is in a region of chromatin with hyperacetylation
C) The gene encoding miR-5 in a region of euchromatin
D) The gene encoding miR-5 in a region of heterochromatin
E) The miR-5 transcript is translated at high levels
F) The miR-5 transcript is activating translation of the UCD gene
B) A different lung cancer cell line is found to have significantly decreased amounts of DNA methylation. Which of the following could explain why there is decreased DNA methylation in this cell line? [choose ALL that apply, note that incorrect selections will deduct points]
A) increased amounts of the p101 protein due to low levels of miR-5
B) increased amounts of the UCD protein due to high levels of miR-5
C) decreased amounts of the UCD protein due to low levels of miR-5
D) the absence of the UCD protein due to miR-5 inhibiting translation of the UCD mRNA transcript
E) the absence of the p101 protein due to miR-5 inhibiting transcription of the p101 mRNA transcript
Answer:
A) A) The gene encoding miR-5 is in a region of chromatin with hypoacetylation.
D) The gene encoding miR-5 in a region of heterochromatin.
B) D) the absence of the UCD protein due to miR-5 inhibiting translation of the UCD mRNA transcript
Explanation:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNA sequences (approximately 20-24 nucleotides in length) that regulate gene expression by RNA interference (RNAi) mechanisms. These sequences (miRNAs) bind by base complementarity to messenger RNAs and thus inhibit protein translation and/or trigger mRNA degradation. In this case, miR-5 binds to the 3’UTR of the mRNA transcript of the UCD gene, thereby inhibiting/slowing protein UCD synthesis. The UCD protein is an allosteric regulator that binds and activates the expression of the p101 protein, thereby the miR-5 RNAi pathway also indirectly decreases the expression of the p101 gene. Moreover, hypoacetylation is an epigenetic mark generally associated with gene silencing (heterochromatin is a transcriptionally inactive state of chromatin).
in some plants pink flowers are dominant over yellow flowers if Mario crosses two hybrids what happens
Which of the following statements is false? Choose one: A. Some Bcl2 family members promote apoptosis, whereas others inhibit apoptosis. B. Bax and Bak are death-promoting members of the Bcl2 family that induce the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol. C. Some death-inhibiting members of the Bcl2 family inhibit apoptosis by blocking cytochrome c release from mitochondria. D. The death-promoting members of the Bcl2 family include Bcl2 itself.
Answer: The statement that is FALSE is D (The death-promoting members of the Bcl2 family include Bcl2 itself.)
Explanation:
Apoptosis is a process found in multicellular organisms whereby cells follows a order of events which eventually leads to their death without releasing harmful substances into the surrounding area of the cells. Through this process, old cells, unnecessary cells, and unhealthy cells are eliminated from the body.
The process of apoptosis can be regulated by cell regulator proteins such as Bcl-2 family.
Bcl-2 stands for B-cell lymphoma 2 which are encoded in human cells by BCL2 gene. The Bcl-2 family are capable of regulating apoptosis by either inducing it or inhibiting it.
Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL, PREVENT apoptosis by preventing the release of mitochondrial apoptogenic factors such as cytochrome c and AIF (apoptosis-inducing factor) into the cytoplasm
Part of the Bcl-2 family is the Bax and Bak and they are the core regulators of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. They PROMOTE apoptosis by inducing the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol. Therefore, the death-promoting members of the Bcl2 family does not include Bcl2 itself.
If you were rolling dice in a casino and observed results comparable to those observed in Part 2, would you assume the dice were faulty or rigged? Explain your answer using data from your chi-square analysis.
Answer:
Yes, I would guess that the dice are faulty or rigged.
Explanation:
Yes, I would guess that the dice are faulty or rigged.
This is because the chi-square analysis indicates that there is a less than 5% probability that the difference between the expected and observed results were due to pure chance.
biology chapter 33 assessment 972
Answer:
Where is question
Explanation:
Please tell
What is photosynthesis????
Explanation:
The process of green plants make their own food by present sunlight is called photo synthesis
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Hey there!
Photosynthesis is the reaction that converts light energy to chemical energy in sugar and carbohydrates. Humans can't eat sunlight, so we eat plants. Plants convert the energy in the sunlight into chemical energy using chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is a molecule produced by plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, which aids in the conversion of light energy into chemical bonds. It is the green pigment found in the chloroplasts of higher plants. They are a part of our ecosystem, and they are lower on the food chain.
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Explain in detail what caused the population of peppered moths to change from mostly light-colored variations to mostly dark-colored variations in the 1800s. Explain how the peppered moth mutation is an example of natural selection. Explain what would happen to the populations of both variations of peppered moth once the pollution disappeared. Determine which variation of the peppered moth would be more successful in your neighborhood, and explain in detail your reasoning supporting your conclusion. Predict what may happen to the population of peppered moths if they were relocated to a lush, green rainforest ecosystem. How would this impact natural selection and their struggle to survive?
Answer:
Natural selection caused the population of peppered moths to change from mostly light-colored variations to mostly dark-colored variations in the 1800s. Pepper colored moths camouflaged among trees but after industrial revolution the couldn't because of soot, which camouflaged black moths; hence, they were preyed upon more.
You learned in the previous lesson that T cells require two independent signals to become activated. When T cells are activated, they acquire effector functions and begin to proliferate. This two-signal mechanism prevents the expansion of self-reactive effector T cells. Similarly, B cell receptor signaling alone is not sufficient to activate B cells. B cells require assistance from helper T cells to become activated by monovalent protein antigens and gain certain immune functions. What changes do you suspect will occur to B cells when they are activated by protein antigen and receive T cell help? (select all that apply)
a) They will generate memory cells that can respond to a subsequent exposure to antigen.
b) Their immunoglobulin genes will be mutated in a way that alters antigen affinity.
c) The isotype of their immunoglobulin (Ig) genes will change.
d) They will proliferate and expand.
e) They will secrete antibodies.
Answer:
a. They will generate memory cells that can respond to subsequent exposure to antigen.
d. They will proliferate and expand
e. They will secrete anti bodies
Explanation:
B cells are type of white blood cells who belong to lymphocyte subtype. They are activated by binding of antigen to receptors on cells surface, against which they initiate and antibody response. Some of these cell proliferate and divide while other become long lived memory cells that respond subsequent exposure to antigen at later stage.
From a chemical view, how is an amino acid is being recognized by its specific aminoacyl tRNA synthetase?
Answer:
An aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (aaRS or ARS), also called tRNA-ligase, is an enzyme that attaches the appropriate amino acid onto its corresponding tRNA. It does so by catalyzing the transesterification of a specific cognate amino acid or its precursor to one of all its compatible cognate tRNAs to form an aminoacyl-tRNA.
6. Compare the different measurements of the thermometer which are used.
