Why remittance is important in rural development? In long answers.​

Answers

Answer 1
The importance of remittances

The increasing attention paid to the question of migrant remittances comes from the realisation of the important role they play in poverty alleviation and, circumstances permitting, economic development more broadly. The former is most obvious in the way the circumstances of individuals are directly transformed; the latter operates via a collective response much dependent on the existence of institutions that can leverage remittances to create true ‘development finance’.

Individual poverty alleviation

Remittance payments directly alleviate the poverty of the individuals and households to whom they are sent. Forming a relatively stable source of income independent of the (often dire) local economy of recipient families, remittances offer a lifeline to millions in the most vulnerable groups across the developing world. Moreover—and unlike other financial flows to developing countries that stream through government agencies and non-governmental organisations (NGOs)—remittance payments are targeted precisely to the needs and desires of their receivers. It is not aid agencies or governments that decide when, where or why remittance incomes are spent, but the recipients themselves.

As with other ‘novel’ devices of promise in the field of economic development (micro-finance and civil-society promotion being other examples), relatively little in the way of empirical work has been undertaken on the impact of remittances on poverty alleviation. The empirical work that has been done, however, supports the positive picture painted above and in the countless anecdotes that dominate the literature. For instance, a 71-country study undertaken by Adams and Page (2005:1646) concluded that remittances ‘reduce the level, depth, and severity of poverty’ of receivers and their communities. Likewise, Ratha (2005) found that remittance flows lowered the proportion of people living in absolute poverty in Uganda, Bangladesh and Ghana by 11, 6 and 5 per cent, respectively. Gupta et al. (2007) find that a 10 per cent increase in a country’s remittances-to-GDP ratio corresponds with a fall in the percentage of people living on less than $US1 a day of just more than 1 per cent. The World Bank (2003), the OECD’s Financial Action Task Force (2005) and Spatafora (2005) also find reductions in absolute poverty among remittance receivers. Meanwhile, studies such as López-Córdova (2005) and Hildebrandt and McKenzie (2005) find positive associations between remittances and poverty-reduction ‘proxies’ such as lower infant mortality and higher birth rates.[1]

The ways in which remittances alleviate the poverty of individuals are, in the ‘first round’ of effects, direct and fairly obvious. They include the following.

‘Survivalist’ income supplementation. For many recipients, remittances provide food security, shelter, clothing and other basic needs.

Consumption ‘smoothing’. Many recipients of remittances, especially in rural areas, have highly variable incomes. Remittances allow better matching of incomes and spending, the misalignment of which otherwise threatens survival and/or the taking on of debt.

Education. In many developing countries, education is expensive at all levels, whatever the formal commitments of the State. Remittances can allow for the payment of school fees and can provide the wherewithal for children to attend school rather than working for family survival.[2]

Housing. The use of remittances for the construction, upgrading and repair of houses is prominent in many widely different circumstances.

Health. Remittances can be employed to access preventive and ameliorative health care. As with education, affordable health care is often unavailable in many remittance-recipient countries.

Debt. Being in thrall to moneylenders is an all-too-common experience for many in the developing world. Remittances provide for the repayment of debts and for the means to avoid the taking on of debt by providing alternative income and asset streams.

Social spending. Day-to-day needs include various ‘social’ expenditures that are culturally unavoidable. Remittances can be employed to meet marriage expenses and religious obligations and, less happily but even more unavoidable, funeral and related costs.

Consumer goods. Remittances allow for the purchase of consumer goods, from the most humble and labour saving, to those that entertain and make for a richer life.



http://www.fao.org/3/ak405e/ak405e.pdf

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Answer:

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Explanation:

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Answer:

Explanation:

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Answers

Start by rewriting: [tex]\frac{2}{3}x<1\frac{1}{3}[/tex]

Simplify the RHS to full fraction: [tex]\frac{2}{3}x<\frac{4}{3}[/tex]

Divide both sides by LHS coefficient: [tex]x<\frac{\frac{4}{3}}{\frac{2}{3}}[/tex]

Simplify the division on RHS and get result: [tex]\boxed{x<2}[/tex]

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Answer:

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Explanation:

Because progressive reformers attacked political machines with campaigns for more efficient urban management, they were often

A.
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B.
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C.
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Answer:

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Answers

Answer:

ok course,I will expect more cooperation than conflict because conflict harms but cooperation makes you more stronger

Explanation:

hope that helped you and you liked my answer

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Explanation:

The world in spatial terms covers the location of things in the world. While geography isn't just about maps, it does consider the location of places and how that impacts the topic. Geography includes the concepts of absolute and relative location. Absolute location is a location that never changes, like your longitude and latitude, whereas relative location is your location relative to another location, like living between the catholic church and the supermarket.

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Answers

Answer:

I don't know. sorry

but can you please answer my mathematics question

Alaska is in the north temperate climatic zone zone.

Venezuela is in the tropical climatic zon

Egypt lies in sub-tropical climatic zone

Austria lies in temperate climatic zone

Must click thanks and mark brainliest

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Answers

Answer:

HOW TO DEMONSTRATE A STRONG WORK ETHIC TO YOUR EMPLOYER

Put the company first.

Manage your time wisely.  

Be honest.

Maintain a balanced and consistent performance in performing your work.  

Always show respect.

Follow the rules.  

Work with others.  

Stay fit and healthy.

Explanation:

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Answer:

Explanation:

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Answer:

Following are the measure to control internal migration:

Provide people with good opportunites.

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Bài 1: Một doạnh nghiệp sản xuất 1 tháng được 1000 sản phẩm. Trong đó tư bản đầu tư là 100.000 USD, cấu tạo hữu cơ c/v = 4/1, tỷ suất giá trị thặng dư là 200%. Tính giá trị của một đơn vị sản phẩm và kết cấu giá trị của nó.

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Explanation:

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Answers

Answer:

due to high pressure Nepal get rain

Explanation:

Nepal gets more rain due to high pressure.

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Answers

Answer:

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Answers

Answer:

$845

Explanation:

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Answer:

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Answers

Answer:

Federal judges are nominated by the president and confirmed by the senate

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Answers

Answer:

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Answer:

a teacher, close friend, any online service that can support you, phone lines like lifeline etc.

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Answer:

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A water boiling
B ice melting
C a hot air balloon rising
D a lightbulb glowing
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A The container will prevent the water from freezing.
B The water will freeze and take up less space in the container.
C The water in the container will expand when it freezes and cause the container to crack.
D The container will absorb heat from the water, causing it to crack.
8) Which is most responsible for the changes in seasons? *
A the jet stream
B the ocean currents
C the distance from Earth to the sun
D the tilt of Earth on its axis
9) Which type of animal usually eats both producers and consumers? *
A an omnivore
B a carnivore
C a herbivore
D a predator
10) In North Carolina, the wind is blowing from the north. If the wind changes direction and begins to blow from the south, what will most likely result? *
A The temperatures will increase.
B The temperatures will decrease.
C The air pressure will increase.
D The wind speeds will decrease.
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A The jet stream winds blow storms from east to west.
B The jet stream winds blow storms from west to east.
C Cool Gulf Stream water causes storms to form in the east.
D Warm Gulf Stream water causes storms to form in the west.
12) Which is a characteristic of most single-celled organisms? *
A They have a complex nervous system.
B They contain several different types of cells.
C They perform all life processes.
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Answers

Explanation:

Answer to number 4. Evaporation.

Answer to number 5. A chemical reaction.

Number 6. A ligthbulb glowing.

Number 7. B

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A.Vasco de Gama


B.Hernan Cortez


C.T-Pain


D.Christopher Columbus

Answers

Answer:

d

Explanation:

Christopher Columbus, D

federalism importance 1 eassy​

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Federalism, and other forms of territorial autonomy, is generally seen as a useful way to structure political systems in order to prevent violence among different groups within countries because it allows certain groups to legislate at the subnational level.

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