Which of the following describes changes in the brain of a person who is addicted to alcohol or other drugs? #1. The reward/control pathway is hijacked by changes in brain chemistry altered by substance abuse. #2. The "go" circuit becomes overactive and drives compulsive substance use. #3. The "stop" circuit does not function properly and is overridden by the "go" switch. #4. Drug cravings hijack survival mechanisms in the old brain and override rational actions of the new brain.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Statement 1,2,3,4 are correct.

#1. The reward/control circuits of the addiction pathway are hijacked by changes in brain chemistry altered by substance abuse.#1. The reward/control circuits of the addiction pathway are hijacked by changes in brain chemistry altered by substance abuse.

#2. The "go" circuit becomes overactive and drives compulsive substance use.

#3. The "stop" circuit does not function properly and is overridden by the "go" switch.

#4. Drug cravings hijack survival mechanisms in the old brain and override rational actions of the new brain.

Explanation:

Substance abuse

This is simply known as a maladaptive pattern of substance use. It occur over the last 12 months and can leads to impairment of occupational, physical, or social functioning in a man.

Substance dependence

This is when an individual is having substance abuse in addition with withdrawal symptoms, tolerance or a pattern of compulsive use. The down regulation in substance abuse can also leads to a defective reward circuit (flat feelings, depression etc ) and leaves user with a need for more or different drugs.


Related Questions

'Development of human resource develops the nation' Justify it.

Answers

Development of human resource is the development of nation, because it is human that make other resources valuable. Other resources like land, labour, capital etc. have no use if there are no humans who can actively plan and use these resources. These resources are nothing on their own, they need humans to be valuable. If there is no intelligence to use these resources even when there are lot of resources, it will not to do good. Less resources and more human resource is better than more resources and less human resource. That's why, if we want our nation to develop, we need to develop the human resource.

When Jacques was younger, he participated in lots of different social clubs as a way of deciding what activities were the most fun. As he got older, he focused on the few he truly enjoyed. He worked as an intern at a company doing the type of work he decided he loved. Jacques is happy with his life choices and really knows what he wants in the future. Which of Marcia's identity statuses applies to Jacques

Answers

This question seems to be incomplete. However, there is enough information to find the right answer.

Answer: Identity Achievement

Explanation:

The state of identity achievement refers to those individuals who, having examined different alternatives, found what they consider to be their purpose, and have built identity commitments based on that.

The fact that Jacques participated in different social clubs before deciding what he likes the most, and made a commitment to work based on that decision reveals that he´s in the state of identity achievement

James Marcia established four developmental identity stations (identity diffusion, identity foreclosure, moratorium, and identity achievement) that represent a distinct configuration of youth's development with regard to identity exploration and commitment to specific values related to identity.

can you guys help me with this question

Answers

Answer:

A moving ball

Explanation:

: when you hit a baseball with a bat,you are turning your energy into kinetic energy to make the baseball travel

Answer:

A moving train will have more kinetic energy because , Kinetic energy is a property of a moving object or particle and depends not only on its motion but also on its mass.

ITS IN THE PICTURE!!!!!

Answers

Option A

Explanation:

A design of plane

Please Mark as Brainliest

distinguish between written constitution and unwritten constitution​

Answers

l think that a written constitution is written by people and there ideas while the unwritten one is said by the people and their views

Written is not well known but others declared by multiple unwritten is not told but every one knows without being told

Janna likes to talk about her recovered memories of her own birth and the events of the first two years of her life. She provides many details and gets very emotional telling the stories. What does science tell us about these memories? Group of answer choices Janna is lying; no one can think they remember things from that early in life. They are likely very accurate because there was not much retrograde interference that early. It is understandable she recovered these memories because they are so traumatic. It is extremely unlikely they are real, as the brain is not developed enough to form and store such memories during those years.

Answers

Answer:

It is extremely unlikely they are real, as the brain is not developed enough to form and store such memories during those years.

Explanation:

In general, it is unlikely that a person can or may remember anything about one's birth or even early years. It is further stated that no one can remember anything about one's childhood until the age of three, let alone one's birth.

Janna's insistence that she has "memories of her own birth and the events of the first two years of her life" is extremely unlikely. Or even if she does have any memories of that sort, they are unlikely real, because the brain is not developed enough at that point of time to enable or store memories of those early years.

Thus, the correct answer is the fourth option.

In New York Times Co. v. United States, the Supreme Court said that ______. a. government bears an extremely heavy burden of proof to justify prior restraints b. prior restraints are constitutional when speech tends to harm important government interests c. prior restraints are constitutional whenever government disfavors speech d. government bears an extremely heavy burden of proof to justify prior restraints and prior restraints are constitutional when speech tends to harm important government interests

Answers

The correct answer is A) government bears an extremely heavy burden of proof to justify prior restraints.

In New York Times Co. v. the United States, the Supreme Court said that "the government bears an extremely heavy burden of proof to justify prior restraints."

In simpler terms, the United States Supreme Court established that the First Amendment to the US Constitution protected the right of the newspaper(The New York Times), to publish the Pentagon Papers.

The Pentagon Papers was the name of the copies of a U.S. military report Daniel Ellsberg released.

During the Richard Nixon presidency years, the Secretary of Defense had a series of secret documents called "the Pentagon Papers," which referred to the Vietnam War and the United States engagement from the 1940s until 1967. Ellsberg knew he had the moral obligation to share these documents with the American citizens, and he did it. So he gave a copy to the New York Times. This influential newspaper published a series of articles that shocked the nation.

which is the first hydropower project of Nepal when was it established​

Answers

Explanation:

The first hydropower project of Nepal is Pharping hydropower project and it was established on 1968 BS.

Maria had to take an aptitude test before starting graduate school. In this scenario, the criterion variable will be Maria's score on the aptitude test. appearance and personality. expected ability to get along with her fellow students. expected performance as a student in graduate school.

Answers

Answer:

expected performance as a student in graduate school

Explanation:

We can refer to the criterion variable as the predicted variable. This variable as we know it can also be called the dependent variable. We use this in non experimental research situations to make predictions like in multiple regression analysis.

In this question the criterion variable here is her expected performance as a student and graduate School.

In Biblical times, chariots and carts were widespread in the Middle East, but by the 6th century, the old Roman roads had deteriorated so much that wheeled vehicles were replaced by camels. This illustrates that the processes of change is sometimes due to ___. Group of answer choices primary innovation revitalization secondary innovation cultural loss

Answers

Answer:

maybe erosion?

Explanation:

it's when thing wear away over time typically stone or stone like things

How does traditional media selling of campaign ads (produced directly by campaigns) differ
from the selling of political ads by PACs with respect to regulation by the FCC?
O They cannot reject a campaign ad under any circumstances.
O They can charge more for the campaign ads.
O They reject most PAC ads based on content, but accept most campaign ads.
O They have less control over content of campaign ads.

Answers

Answer: They have less control over content of campaign ads.

Explanation:

Traditional media selling of campaign ads differ from the selling of political ads by PACs with respect to regulation by the FCC as they have less control over content of campaign ads.

In the campaign advertisement, it should be noted that the traditional media have less control over the content of the campaign advertisements when compared to the sale of m political advertisements by PACs. It should be noted that the reason for this is because PACs has been given more freedom to th political ads by FCC.

Therefore, the correct option is D.

ANSWER RIGHT ILL BRAINLIST
Why are independent agencies separate from the executive branch?
A.
Independent agencies have areas of responsibility that fall outside the executive branch.
B.
Independent agencies serve limited purposes within all three branches of government.
C.
Independent agencies serve many purposes across all three branches of government.
D.
Independent agencies do not share any of the responsibilities of the executive branch.

Answers

C. Independent agencies serve many purposes across all three branches of government

Answer: Sorry if im late but the answer is D.

Explanation: can I still have the brainlist.

why is individual an important element of the society​

Answers

Answer:

Individuals are the basic building blocks of society, and this chapter examines some characteristics of individuals that are important to this role, including intelligence and will, and defines and elaborates the central concept of identity. A simple model of intelligence is proposed, and a number of factors-both internal, such as our concept of freedom, and external, such as the complex structure of society-influencing its operation are considered.

ResearchGate Logo

Which statement best explains a scholarship?

A scholarship is federal money awarded to a student.
A scholarship is aid given to a student by an institution.
A scholarship is money borrowed to pay for an education.
A scholarship is the price of attending classes at a school.

Answers

A scholarship is federal money awarded to a student

Answer is B : A scholarship is aid given to a student by an institution.

Mr. Silverman has taken great pains to fully consider the effectiveness of his classroom arrangement. He has made sure to evenly distribute art supplies at different points in the classroom, while still making them easily accessible. He has even made sure that he will be able to see each student and that each student can easily observe whole class presentations. Which of the four basic principles of classroom arrangement has he forgotten

Answers

Answer: Make sure arrangement allows each student to see whole-class presentations.

Explanation:

The four basic principles of classroom arrangement include:

• The teacher should be able to see all the students.

• decrease obstruction in the high traffic parts of the classroom

• Easy access to commonly used educational materials.

• Make sure that every student is able to see “everything” from where they are seated.

In this case, the basic principles of classroom arrangement that he has forgotten is "making sure arrangement allows each student to see whole-class presentations".

a. a norm governing everyday social behavior, the violation of which raises comparatively little concern b. an informal norm that is deemed highly necessary to the welfare of a society c. governmental social control d. a way of letting people know that their behavior is acceptable

Answers

Complete Question:

A law is:

Answer:

c. governmental social control

Explanation:

A law can be defined as the system of principles, regulations and rules established by legislature, that is adopted in a community, society or country to regulate the actions of its citizens, members or employees.

Thus, law is a tool used by the judiciary, lawyers, individuals, organizations, and even government to ensure everybody is well behaved, non-criminal and civil in their actions. Therefore, a law creates the foundation for ethical behavior.

In circumstances where there are aberration, the law is enforced as a punishment and penalty for wrongdoings or misdeeds.

In conclusion, a law is a form of governmental social control that guides, regulate and protect the businesses and people living in a society.


What are three things that all 50 state governments have in common?

Answers

Answer:

All State governments are modeled after the Federal Government and consist of three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial. The U.S. Constitution mandates that all States uphold a “republican form” of government, although the three-branch structure is not required.

This is CIVICS PLEASE HELPP ILL GIVE BRAINLIST
Why must business owners make sure their prices are competitive?

A.
to give consumers incentive to buy their products
B.
to ensure that their goods are of the highest quality
C.
to make the greatest possible profit in a short time
D.
to produce the maximum number of goods to sell

Answers

Answer:

A. to give consumers incentive to buy their products.

Explanation:

if their prices are good compared to the competition it will incentive consumers to buy from them.

Pls HELP SOMEONE
What is a confederation?
A.
a system with two independent levels of government
B.
a government in which the main body makes all decisions
C.
a group of governments that have joined together
D.
a government consisting only of a central body

Answers

Explanation:

C A group of governments that have joined together

C.

A group of sovereign states (or alliances) that unite under a common purpose.

This is civics PLEASE HELP!
What are two ways elections are affected by public opinion polls?


undecided voters vote for the most popular candidates
candidates with high polling numbers get more media coverage

campaign donations go to candidates with the lowest poll numbers

polling more people results in a higher voter turnout

Answers

Answer:

Polling more people results in a higher voter turnout.

Explanation:

how can tourism be developed in karnali province? Make a list of some suggestions.

Answers

Explanation:

November 12: Out of 100 new tourist destinations selected by the government, Karnali Province alone consists of 21 destinations. The Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation recently announced the list of the destinations having tourism potential but requiring promotion. Though Karnali Province is geographically backward, it is rich in natural beauty. The province is considered to be religiously, historically, culturally and archeologically rich.      

Seven tourist destinations from five districts of Karnalai have been included in the list that needs to be promoted. Similarly, 14 destinations from 10 districts have been included in the new destinations that are to be developed.

Shey Phoksundo National Park of Dolpa, Sinja Sabhyata of Jumla, Rara lake of Mugu, Panchakoshi Jwala Area and Kakrebihar, Deutibajai and Madan Ashrit Park of Surkhet fall under the destinations to be established and promoted.      

Similarly, destinations like Kupinde lake of Salyan, Dudul Chaitya of Jumla, Limi Upatyaka of Humla, Rara- Shey Phoksundo Trail, Panchal fall of Kalikot, Khalanga Durbar of Jajarkot, Kotgadhi-Panchal-Belaspur-Mahabu Tourism Development Area of Dailekh, Jajura lake of Surkhet, Guptilal, Bhadale cave, Shiva cave, Gidde danda and Rukum’s Chitripatan have been selected as the new destinations that need to be developed. Majority of the 14 new destinations to be developed are less popular.

Jessie's car had a flat tire in the rain. After she managed to fix it, she arrived home late only to have a parking spot just in front of her apartment taken by a faster driver. Coming home, she yells at her young son who is waiting at the door. Jessie's behavior is perhaps most easily explained in terms of:

Answers

Answer:

Aggression.

Explanation:

Because she had bad day and when she finally got home she reflected her Aggression toward her son. negative energy effects family and friends in a negative way..this is how negative Aggression spreads..

what is the current situation of water supply in nepal explain​

Answers

Explanation:

I HOPE THE ANSWER WAS HELPFUL

Who votes in a direct democracy

Answers

everyone votes on everything

Answer:

In direct democracy, people decide on policies without any intermediary.

Hariqbal is preparing an online dating profile. One of the questions for the profile is whether he is a romantic person. In order to answer this question, Hariqbal thinks back on some of his most recent actions. Since in the past week he read a book of love poems, enjoyed a dramatic film, and took a long walk by the beach, he decides that he must be a romantic person. What process has Hariqbal engaged in

Answers

Answer:

This question lacks options, options are:

a. upward social comparison

b. the misattribution of arousal

c. the better than average effect

d. self-perception.  

The correct answer is d.

Explanation:

The American psychologist Daryl Bem is responsible for the development of the theory of self-perception. According to this professional, human beings study their behavior to discover what leads them to act in a certain way. Self-perception supposes the observation of our being; emotions, desires, feelings, etc., and of our context, that is, to identify our behaviors, attitudes and the circumstances of our environment, in a way that allows us to form an accurate but not exact opinion of ourselves, that is, the Self-perception allows persons to learn from their actions and modify their personality based on that learning. Self-perception influences how a person interprets, in a subjective way, certain aspects of his personality that come into play in the relationships he establishes with others.

BRAINLIEST for first correct answer! PLS HELP MEEEEE ASAP PLS!!!

Answers

NAACP:

-Objective: Accordingly, the NAACP's mission is to ensure the political, educational, equality of minority group citizens of States and eliminate race prejudice. The NAACP works to remove all barriers of racial discrimination through democratic processes. (NAACP website)

-Segregation: fought strongly against

-Society: Better housing, end lynching, kindness, equality

UNIA:

-Objective: racial pride, economic independence, wanted separate/independent black nation in Africa

-Segregation: yes

-Society: believed that white and black people could never live together peacefully/in harmony and that black people should move on and develop an independent nation

Emily is passionate about environmental causes, and loves that her role at Disney allows her to find ways to reduce waste. Over time she has started to apply the same practices at home that she is using at work. Emily is experiencing psychological empowerment associated with ______.

Answers

Answer:

meaningfulness

Explanation:

Emily is experiencing psychological empowerment associated with meaningfulness. This is because Emily sees that the actions being taken by Disney in order to reduce waste actually make a difference. She also sees that this difference helps the world and all of the life on it. This therefore, gives meaning and value to the actions being taken by Disney. This is what encourages her to take those same actions outside of work, in her own home and have the same impact with her own actions to reduce waste.

When drivers are deprived of sleep there are definite behavioral changes, such as slower responses to stimuli and a reduced ability to concentrate, but people's self-awareness of these changes is poor. Most drivers think they can tell when they are about to fall asleep, but they cannot.

Each of the following illustrates the principle that the passage illustrates EXCEPT:

(A) People who have been drinking alcohol are not good judges of whether they are too drunk to drive.
(B) Elementary school students who dislike arithmetic are not good judges of whether multiplication tables should be included in the school's curriculum.
(C) Industrial workers who have just been exposed to noxious fumes are not good judges of whether they should keep working.
(D) People who have just donated blood and have become faint are not good judges of whether they are ready to walk out of the facility.
(E) People who are being treated for schizophrenia are not good judges of whether they should continue their medical treatments

Answers

Answer:

Im pretty sure the answer is E

Explanation:

write an advantage of a society in point​

Answers

Answer:

Advantages of society: Discipline - it comes forward when order needs to be in place, people are able to incorporate discipline as accountability for action. Formation or Order - compromise and healthy conversation and agreement form for each member to get what they want and experience what they need.

A group of researchers surveyed German Internet users to discover their amount of participation in online politics, such as signing a petition and engaging in an online political group, and their level of concern about privacy. The researchers then used statistical methods to make correlations between demographic characteristics, privacy concerns, and online political participation. Which research finding is most indicative of a digital divide in online political participation

Answers

Answer:

visiting online candidates website or signing online petition.

Explanation:

Online politics participation are defined as the activities that are designed to influenced the government which includes voting or face to face activities like protesting against the government policies or volunteering for any campaigns.

The research findings in this area includes online participation of people visiting the websites of the political candidates or even organizing online events and also signing online petitions.

Other Questions
the valency of flourin is 1 what is the valence electron The Fair Credit Reporting Act, or Title VI of the Consumer Credit Protection Act of 1968, requires that lenders do all of the following EXCEPT which? Keep all credit information confidential. Obtain authorization from a consumer in order to seek the customers credit information. Reveal the sources of the credit information to the consumer. Give consumers copies of their credit reports. Whats bigger, fungi or virus? Your disaster recovery plan calls for backup media to be stored at a different location. The location is a safe deposit box at the local bank. Because of this, the disaster recovery plan specifies that you choose a method that uses the least amount of backup media, but also allows you to quickly back up and restore files. Which backup strategy would BEST meet the disaster recovery plan A water butt contains 512.6liters of water when full. It is80% full. Daniel is using asmall bucket to empty thebutt. The bucket holds525ml of water. How manysmall buckets can becompletely filled by the water in the butt? How does this photo relate to the American Indian Movement? _____ theory identified seven primary abilitites. They are inductive reasoning, word fluency, perceptual ability, verbal comprehension, spatial visualization, numerical ability, and associative memory. PLZ HELP ME WITH MY WORK For his science fair project, Martin studied the growth of trumpet vines. He grew 20 trumpet vines. All of the conditions were the same, except that he grew 10 in a flower bed without support and 10 in a flower bed near a trellis. The stems of the vines near the trellis twisted around the trellis, and these Yines grew tall and seemed much healthier than the vines grown without a trellis. In fact, four of the vines grown without a trellis died. Which characteristic of living things were the trumpet vines displaying as the stems twisted around the trellis? A. Movement B. Response to a stimulus C. Use of energy D. Reproduction PLZ HELP THIS IS IF I PASS OR NOT Which of the following sentences is written in active voice?A. The cake sat next to Franklin.B. The song was sung beautifully.C. The mistake was corrected before anyone noticed.D. The review for the test was postponed until tomorrow. Thit k gio n bi o c ""Bo v ca cng"" (lp 4). A capark has 34 rows and each row can acommodate 40 cars. If there are 976 cars parked, how many cars can still be parked? Blue Manufacturing produces lathes at an inventory cost of $25,000 each that sell for $32,000 each. For credit-approved customers, Blue leases the lathes for $8,500 per year for five years. The lathes are guaranteed to last four years and generally have a six-year life. Collection is predictable and reasonably assured. Additionally, the lessor is aware of all costs to be incurred under the lease that will not be reimbursed by the lessor. What is the financing profit of Blue Manufacturing on a leased lathe The double-declining-balance rate for calculating depreciation expense is determined by doubling the straight-line rate. Assuming that an asset has a useful life of 25 years, determine the rate to be used if using the double-declining-balance method Construct an amortization schedule for the first three months and the final three months of payments for a 30-year, 7 percent mortgage in the amount of $90,000. What percentage of the third payment is principal Jessica's company manufacturers a variety of coffee flavors that are sold to retail stores. Her company receives the coffee beans from a distributor in South America who purchased the beans from local farmers. The farmers, distributor, Jessica's company, and the retail stores all make up a _______. Hay ______________ escuelas en Guatemala donde que no tienen muchos recursos. ______________ tiles como ______________ computadoras o ______________ calculadoras son muy caras y dificiles de obtener. Hay ______________ organizaciones benficas (charitable organizations) en los Estados Unidos que donan materiales escolares a ______________ escuelas en Guatemala. Se pueden juntar (collect) cosas simples como ______________ bolgrafos, ______________ lpices o ______________ cuadernos y mandarlos a estos estudiantes que necesitan de nuestra ayuda. How many grams of solute is there in 250 mL of a 0.10M CaCl2 solution ? Mrs Pumphrey and Dr Herriot have been invited to speak at a community pet adoption drive. There were some differences in Mrs Pumphrey and Dr Herriots notions of responsibility and experiences of keeping a pet. As a reporter for the local pet magazine, write an article recording and comparing their perspectives. Dont forget to give it an interesting title. Find the probability that z lies between 0 and 1.56. Questions 1) Identify the missing features of this map ? 2) Write north , south , east or west to complete each sentence? a) The rowboats are _____ of the campfire . b) The camping trailers are _______ of the tent . c) The cabins are ______ of the tents d) The campfire is ______ of the camping trailers e) The island is _____ of the cabins .Do answer