what is data abstraction and data independence?​

Answers

Answer 1

Data abstraction and data independence are two key concepts in computer science and database management systems. They are closely related and aim to improve the efficiency, flexibility, and maintainability of data management.

What is data abstraction and data independence?

The definitions of these two are:

Data Abstraction:

Data abstraction refers to the process of hiding the implementation details of data and providing a simplified view or interface to interact with it. It allows users to focus on the essential aspects of data without being concerned about the underlying complexities. In programming languages, data abstraction is often achieved through the use of abstract data types (ADTs) or classes.

By abstracting data, programmers can create high-level representations of data entities, defining their properties and operations.

Data Independence:

Data independence refers to the ability to modify the data storage structures and organization without affecting the higher-level applications or programs that use the data. It allows for changes to be made to the database system without requiring corresponding modifications to the applications that rely on that data. Data independence provides flexibility, scalability, and ease of maintenance in database systems.

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Related Questions

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING TASKS ARE PART OF THE SOFTWARE EVALUATION PROCESS?
TESTERS...

Answers

With regard to software evaulation, note that the correct options are -

Testers check that the code is implemented according to the specification document.A specification document is created.Any issues with the software are logged as bugs.Bugs are resolved by developers.

How is this so?

The tasks that are part of the software evaluation process include  -

Testers check that the code is implemented according to the specification document.A specification document is created.Any issues with the software are logged as bugs.Bugs are resolved by developers.

Tasks not directly related to the software evaluation process are  -

Software developers writing code line by line.Creating a design for the software program.

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Full Question:

Although part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this full question:

Choose all that apply: Which of the following tasks are part of the software evaluation process?

testers check that the code is implemented according to the specification document

an specification document is created

software developers write code line by line

any issues with the software are logged as bugs

bugs are resolved by developers

a design for the software program is created

a democratic government has to respect some rules after winning the elections. Which of these points is not a part of those rules

Answers

After coming to power, a democratic administration is bound to follow certainrules and regulations. And Office-bearers are not accountable is not a part of those   rules.

How is this so?

In a democratic administration,office-bearers are indeed accountable as they are bound by rules and regulations.

The accountability ensures transparency,ethical conduct, and adherence to the principles of democracy.

Office-bearers are expected to uphold the laws and serve the interests of the people they represent.

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Find the following series of 8,88,888,8888,88888​

Answers

the sum to n terms of the sequence 8, 88, 888, 8888,..... is 80/80(10ⁿ-1) -8/9n

How is this so?

The nth terms is solved as follows

Sⁿ =8+88+888+8888+......+n terms

= 8/9  [9+99+999+9999+....to n terms]

= 8/9  [(10−1)+(10² −1+(10³ −1)+(10⁴ −1+....to n terms]

= 8/9  [(10+(10²+(10³ .....n terms) - (1 + 1 + 1 + ....n terms)

= 8/9 [(10(10ⁿ-1))/(10-1) - n] [Sun of GP= a(rⁿ-1)/(r-1) when r > 1]

= 8/9 [ 10 (10ⁿ -1)/9) -n]

= 80/81(10ⁿ -1) -8/9n

Thus, it is correct to state that 80/81(10ⁿ -1) -8/9n

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Full Question:

Find the sum to n terms of the sequence 8, 88, 888, 8888,

Imagine you're an Event Expert at SeatGeek. How would you respond to this customer?

* Hi SeatGeek, I went to go see a concert last night with my family, and the lead singer made several inappropriate comments throughout the show. There was no warning on your website that this show would not be child friendly, and I was FORCED to leave the show early because of the lead singer's behavior. I demand a refund in full, or else you can expect to hear from my attorney.

Best, Blake

Answers

By Imagining myself as an Event Expert at SeatGeek.I would respond to the customer by following below.

Dear Ronikha,

Thank you for reaching out to SeatGeek regarding your recent concert experience. We apologize for any inconvenience caused and understand your concerns regarding the lead singer's inappropriate comments during the show.

We strive to provide accurate and comprehensive event information to our customers, and we regret any oversight in this case.

SeatGeek acts as a ticket marketplace, facilitating the purchase of tickets from various sellers. While we make every effort to provide accurate event details, including any warnings or disclaimers provided by the event organizers, it is ultimately the responsibility of the event organizers to communicate the nature and content of their shows.

We recommend reaching out directly to the event organizers or the venue where the concert took place to express your concerns and seek a resolution.

They would be in the best position to address your experience and provide any applicable remedies.

Should you require any assistance in contacting the event organizers or obtaining their contact information, please let us know, and we will be happy to assist you further.

We appreciate your understanding and value your feedback as it helps us improve our services.

Best regards,

Vicky

Event Expert, SeatGeek

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