Valproic acid, used to treat seizures and bipolar disorder, is composed of C, H, and O. A 0.165-g sample is combusted to produce 0.166 g of water and 0.403 g of carbon dioxide. What is the empirical formula for valproic acid

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The empirical formula is C4H8O

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Valproic acid is composed of C, H, and O

Mass of the sample = 0.165 grams

Mass of water = 0.166 grams

Mass of CO2 = 0.403 grams

Molar mass of water ( H2O) = 18.02 g/mol

Molar mass of CO2 = 44.01 g/mol

Atomic mass of C = 12.01 g/mol

Atomic mass of O = 16.0 g/mol

Atomic mass H = 1.01 g/mol (H2 = 2.02 g/mol)

Step 2: The equation

CxHyOz + O2 → CO2 + H2O

Step 3: Calculate the number of carbon in the sample

The carbon comes from CO2

Mass C = (12.01 g/mol/44.01 g/mol) * 0.403 grams

Mass C = 0.110 grams

Step 4: Calculate mass of hydrogen in the sample

The hydrogen comes from H2O

Mass H = (2.02/18.02) * 0.166 grams

MAss H = 0.0186 grams

Step 5: Calculate mass of O

The mass of O in the sample = Mass of sample - mass of H - mass of C

The mass of O = 0.165 grams - 0.110 grams - 0.0186 grams

The mass of O = 0.0364 grams

Step 6: Calculate moles

Moles C = 0.110 grams / 12.01 g/mol = 0.00916 moles

Moles H = 0.0186 / 1.01 = 0.0184 moles

Moles O = 0.0364/16.0 = 0.00228 moles

Step 7: Calculate empirical formula

We divide by the smallest amount of moles

C: 0.00916/ 0.00228 = 4

H: 0.0184/0.00228 = 8

O: 0.00228/0.00228 = 1

The empirical formula is C4H8O


Related Questions

Complete the balanced dissociation equation for the compound below in aqueous solution. If the compound does not dissociate, write NR after the reaction arrow.
HI (aq) -->

Answers

Answer:

[tex]{ \bf{HI _{(aq)} \: → \: H {}^{ + } _{(aq)} \: + \: \: I {}^{ - } _{(aq)} }}[/tex]

b. Sodium has an emission spectrum with two visible wavelengths, both very close to 590 nm. If you had a light source that contained a mixture of sodium and hydrogen, what color filter would you use to measure only the hydrogen spectrum

Answers

Answer:

Blue or Purple color filter

Explanation:

Given that Sodium has an emission spectrum with wavelength ≈ 590nm and for a wavelength of 590nm  the color is yellow.

Hence To filter out the color ( yellow ) to enable the measurement of the Balmer series of hydrogen spectrum, we have to use a filter that possess the complementary color of yellow ( i.e. purple(RYB color model) or blue (RGB additive color model )

therefore color filter to be used = Blue or Purple

Two chemicals A and B are combined to form a chemical C. The rate, or velocity, of the reaction is proportional to the product of the instantaneous amounts of A and B not converted to chemical C. Initially, there are 100 grams of A and 50 grams of B, and for each gram of B, 2 grams of A is used. It is observed that 25 grams of C is formed in 9 minutes. How much is formed in 36 minutes

Answers

Answer:

In 36 minutes, 100 grams of Chemical C is formed.

Explanation:

Combination of chemicals A and B = chemical C

Chemical A available = 100 grams

Chemical B available = 50 grams

Proportion of A mixed with C = A2

Proportion of B mixed with C = B1

Therefore, Chemical C = A2 + B1

If 25 grams of C is formed in 9 minutes

In one minute 25/9 grams of C will be formed

Therefore, in 36 minutes, 25/9 * 36 = 100 grams

A decomposition of a sample of diphosphorus trioxide forms 1.29 g phosphorus to every 1.00 g oxygen. The decomposition of a sample of diphosphorus pentoxide forms 0.775 g phosphorus to every 1.00 g oxygen.

Required:
How many grams of P205 are formed when 5.89 g of P react with excess oxgen?

Answers

Answer:

There is 13.48 grams of P2O5 formed

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

A decomposition of a sample of diphosphorus trioxide forms 1.29 g phosphorus to every 1.00 g oxygen.

Mass of P = 5.89 grams

Molar mass of O2 = 32.0 g/mol

atomic mass of P = 30.97 g/mol

molar mass of P2O5 = 141.94 g/mol

Step 2: The balanced equation

4P(s)+5O2(g)⇔ 2P2O5(s)

Step 3: Calculate moles of P

Moles P = Mass P / atomic mass P

Moles P = 5.89 grams / 30.97 g/mol

Moles P = 0.190 moles

Step 4: Calculate moles of P2O5

For 4 moles P we need 5 moles O2 to produce 2 moles P2O5

For 0.190 moles of P we'll have 0.190/2 = 0.095 moles P2O5

Step 5: Calculate mass of P2O5

Mass P2O5 = moles P2O5 * molar mass P2O5

Mass P2O5 = 0.095 moles * 141.94 g/mol

Mass P2O5 = 13.48 grams

There is 13.48 grams of P2O5 formed

Draw the organic product(s) of the following reaction.

NaNH2/ NH3(l)
CH2CH2CH2-Câ¡C -C-H â

Answers

Answer:

H-C = C-H NaNH2 [tex]\ \to \0}[/tex] H-C = CNa

H-C = C - CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3

Explanation:

NaNH2 acts as base in this reaction. The organic products released after the reaction of carbon hydrogen atom with sodium amide. These products released after the chemical reaction when carbon and hydrogen atom reacts and NaNH2 acts as base then substitution nucleophilic reaction takes place.

Given the following balanced equation:
3Cu(s) + 8HNO3(aq) = 3Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2NO(g) + 4H2O(l)
Determine the mass of copper (II) nitrate that would be formed from the complete reaction
of 35.5g of copper with an excess of nitric acid.

Answers

Answer: The mass of copper (II) nitrate produced is 105.04 g.

Explanation:

The number of moles is defined as the ratio of the mass of a substance to its molar mass. The equation used is:

[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}[/tex] ......(1)

Given mass of copper = 35.5 g

Molar mass of copper = 63.5 g/mol

Plugging values in equation 1:

[tex]\text{Moles of copper}=\frac{35.5g}{63.5g/mol}=0.560 mol[/tex]

The given chemical equation follows:

[tex]3Cu(s)+8HNO_3(aq)\rightarrow 3Cu(NO_3)_2(aq)+2NO(g)+4H_2O(l)[/tex]

By the stoichiometry of the reaction:

If 3 moles of copper produces 3 moles of copper (II) nitrate

So, 0.560 moles of copper will produce = [tex]\frac{3}{3}\times 0.560=0.560mol[/tex] of copper (II) nitrate

Molar mass of copper (II) nitrate = 187.56 g/mol

Plugging values in equation 1:

[tex]\text{Mass of copper (II) nitrate}=(0.560mol\times 187.56g/mol)=105.04g[/tex]

Hence, the mass of copper (II) nitrate produced is 105.04 g.

What is the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy?

Answers

Answer:

"[Temperature is a measurement of the average kinetic energy of the molecules in an object or a system. Kinetic energy is the energy that an object has because of its motion. The molecules in a substance have a range of kinetic energies because they don't all move at the same speed.]"

Answer:

Temperature is directly proportional to the average translational kinetic energy of molecules in an ideal gas

Explanation:

which of the following measurements is equivalent to 5.461x10^-7m?

Answers

Answer:

B. 0.0000005461m

I used the method of moving the decimal.

Lewis Structures are used to describe the covalent bonding in molecules and ions. Draw a Lewis structure for NO3- and answer the following questions based on your drawing.

1. For the central nitrogen atom:

The number of lone pairs = ________
The number of single bonds=_______
The number of double bonds= ______

2. The central nitrogen atom :

Answers

Answer:

The lewis structure for NO₃⁻ is shown in the attachment below

For the central nitrogen atom:

The number of lone pairs = 0

The number of single bonds = 2  

The number of double bonds= 1

Explanation:

The lewis structure for NO₃⁻ is shown in the attachment below.

From the Lewis structure

For the central nitrogen atom:

The number of lone pairs = 0

The number of single bonds = 2  

The number of double bonds= 1

How are radioactive isotopes used to diagnose thyroid problems?
Answers

A.
Production of radioactive iodine by the thyroid is measured.

B.
Uptake of radioactive iodine by the thyroid gland is measured.

C.
Destruction of damaged cells by radioisotopes is measured.

D.
Absorption of gamma rays from ingested radioisotopes is measured.
Question

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

uptakw of raduoactive iofine by the thyroid gland js measurd

how many moles of lithium atoms are contained in 5.2 g of lithium

Answers

Answer:

[tex]\boxed {\boxed {\sf 0.75 \ mol \ Li}}[/tex]

Explanation:

We are asked to convert 5.2 grams of lithium to moles of lithium.

1. Molar Mass

To convert from grams to moles, we need the molar mass. This is the measurement of the mass in 1 mole of a substance. It can be found on the Periodic Table because it is the same value as the atomic mass, but the units are grams per mole instead of atomic mass units.

Look up the molar mass of lithium.

Li: 6.94 g/mol

2. Convert Grams to Moles

Create a ratio using the molar mass of lithium.

[tex]\frac { 6.94 \ g \ Li}{ 1 \ mol \ Li}[/tex]

Multiply by the value we are converting: 5.2 grams of lithium.

[tex]5.2 \ g \ Li *\frac { 6.94 \ g \ Li}{ 1 \ mol \ Li}[/tex]

Flip the ratio so the units of grams of lithium cancel.

[tex]5.2 \ g \ Li *\frac{ 1 \ mol \ Li} { 6.94 \ g \ Li}[/tex]

[tex]5.2 *\frac{ 1 \ mol \ Li} { 6.94 }[/tex]

[tex]\frac{5.2} { 6.94 } \ mol \ LI[/tex]

[tex]0.749279538905 \ mol \ Li[/tex]

3. Round

The original measurement of grams (5.2) has 2 significant figures, so our answer must have the same. For the number we calculated, that is the hundredth place. The 9 in the thousandths place to the right tells us to round the 4 up to a 5.

[tex]0.75 \ mol \ Li[/tex]

5.2 grams of lithium is equal to 0.75 moles of lithium atoms.

Identify “A” in the following reaction: CH3¬COOH + Na2CO3 → A + CO2 + H2O

Answers

this is a decarboxylation reaction
CH3COOH+NaOH(CaO)=CH3COONa+Na2CO3

CH3COONa+NaOH(CaO)=CH4+Na2CO3

PLEASE HELP ASAP
Use the equation below to answer the following questions.
2Al(s) + 3Cu(NO3)2(aq) 3Cu(s) + 2Al(NO3)3(aq)

Determine the oxidation state of the atoms in the equation's reactants and products: (6 points)

Oxidation state of Al in reactant:
in product:

Oxidation state of Cu in reactant:
in product:

Oxidation state of N in reactant:
in product:

Oxidation state of O in reactant:
in product:

Explain why this is a redox reaction.

Thank you!

Answers

Answer:

hlo.......................,

9. Discuss the general trend in Chemical Properties of the Representative Elements

Answers

Answer:

Elements in the same period show trends in atomic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity.

Ggggggggggggggggg666666666666666

Answers

Yellow is 19 number answer

In practice, the second law of thermodynamics means that:

a. Systems move from ordered behavior to more random behavior.
b. Systems move from random behavior to more ordered behavior.
c. Systems move between ordered and random behavior patterns based on temperature.
d. Systems are constantly striving to reach equilibrium.

Answers

Answer:

Systems move from ordered behavior to more random behavior.

Explanation:

Entropy refers to the degree of disorderliness in a system. The second law of thermodynamics can be restated in terms of entropy as follows; “any spontaneous process in any isolated system always results in an increase in the entropy of that system.''(science direct)

According to this law, systems tend towards a more disorderly behaviour (increase in entropy) hence the answer given above.

Determine the mmol of both starting materials (factoring in that formic acid is not pure, but rather 88% weight/volume, or 88g/100 ml), showing your work. Determine the limiting reagent in this synthesis. Lastly, calculate the theoretical yield of benzimidazole that you could expect to form.

Answers

Solution :

Molecular      Molar Mass       Volume      Density       Mass      Moles      nmoles

formula            (g/mol)               (mL)          (g/mL)           (g)

[tex]$C_6H_8N_2$[/tex]            108.14                                                    0.108      0.001          1

HCOOH           46.02                0.064          1.22     0.07808     0.0017       1.7

mmoles of o-phenylenediamine = 1 mmoles

mmoles of formic acid = 1.7 [tex]\approx[/tex] 2 mmoles

From the reaction of o-phenylenediamine and formic acid, we see,

1 mmole of o-phenylenediamine reacts with 1 mmole of formic acid.

But here, 2 mmoles of the formic acid , this means that the formic acid is an excess reagent and the o-phenylenediamine is the limiting reagent here.

The amount of product depends on the limiting reagent that is o-phenylenediamine. So, 1mmole of o-phenylenediamine will give 1mmole of product.

molar mass of Benzimidazole = [tex]118.14[/tex] g/mol

mmoles of Benzimidazole formed = [tex]1[/tex] mmol

Mass of benzimidazole formed = molar mass x [tex]\frac{nmoles}{1000}[/tex]

                                                    [tex]$=\frac{118.14 \times 1}{1000}$[/tex]

                                                     = 0.11814 g

So the theoretical yield of Benzimidazole is = 0.118 g = 118mg

Tapeworm is grouped in the phylum Platyhelminthes​

Answers

Answer:

Tapeworm, also called cestode, any member of the invertebrate class Cestoda (phylum Platyhelminthes), a group of parasitic flatworms containing about 5,000 species. ... Tapeworms also lack a circulatory system and an organ specialized for gas exchange.

What is the molarity of a solution that contains 17g of NH₃ in 0.50L of solution?

Please explain as well!

Answers

Explanation:

Because molarity is mol/L, we'll have to convert 17g to mol.

After obtaining the mol, we'll divide that by the volume to obtain Molarity.

Molar mass of Ammonia:-

[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto NH_3[/tex]

[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto 14u+3(1u)[/tex]

[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto 14u+3u[/tex]

[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto 17u[/tex]

[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto 17g/mol[/tex]

Moles of Ammonia:-

[tex]\boxed{\sf No\:of\:moles =\dfrac{Given\:mass}{Molar\:mass}}[/tex]

[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto No\:of\:moles=\dfrac{17}{17}[/tex]

[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto No\;of\:moles=1mol[/tex]

Volume of solution=0.50L

We know

[tex]\boxed{\sf Molarity=\dfrac{Moles\:of\:solute}{Volume\:of\: Solution\:in\:L}}[/tex]

[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto Molarity=\dfrac{1}{0.50}[/tex]

[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto Molarity=2M[/tex]

How many grams of copper(II) phthalocyanine would be produced by the complete cyclotetramerization of 0.125 moles of phthalonitrile in the presence of excess copper(II) chloride?

Answers

Answer:

it is 11.55 and ik because I just had that question

18.0 grams of copper(II) phthalocyanine would be produced by the complete cyclotetramerization of 0.125 moles of phthalonitrile in the presence of excess copper(II) chloride.

Let's consider the following balanced equation.

4 C₈H₄N₂(l) + CuCl₂(s) → Cu(C₃₂H₁₆N₈)(s) + Cl₂(g)

The molar ratio of C₈H₄N₂ to Cu(C₃₂H₁₆N₈) is 4:1. The moles of Cu(C₃₂H₁₆N₈) produced from 0.125 moles of C₈H₄N₂ are:

[tex]0.125 mol C_8H_4N_2 \times \frac{1molCu(C_{32}H_{16}N_8)}{4mol C_8H_4N_2} = 0.0313 molCu(C_{32}H_{16}N_8)[/tex]

The molar mass of Cu(C₃₂H₁₆N₈) is 576.07 g/mol. The mass corresponding to 0.0313 moles of Cu(C₃₂H₁₆N₈) is:

[tex]0.0313 moles \times \frac{576.07g}{mol} = 18.0 g[/tex]

18.0 grams of copper(II) phthalocyanine would be produced by the complete cyclotetramerization of 0.125 moles of phthalonitrile in the presence of excess copper(II) chloride.

You can learn more about stoichiometry here: https://brainly.com/question/9743981

The sample concentration was measured at 50mg/ml. The loading concentration needs to be 10mg/ml. The final volume needs to be 25ul. What is the volume of sample needed and the amount of buffer needed to reach 25ul

Answers

Answer:

a)  [tex]V_1=5ul[/tex]

b)  [tex]v=20ul[/tex]

Explanation:

From the question we are told that:

initial Concentration [tex]C_1=50mg/ml[/tex]

Final Concentration [tex]C_2=10mg/ml[/tex]

Final volume needs [tex]V_2 =25ul[/tex]

Generally the equation for Volume is mathematically given by

[tex]C_1V_1=C_2V_2[/tex]

[tex]V_1=\frac{C_1V_1}{C_2}[/tex]

[tex]V_1=\frac{10*25}{50}[/tex]

[tex]V_1=5ul[/tex]

Therefore

The volume of buffer needed is

[tex]v=V_2-V_1\\\\v=25-5[/tex]

[tex]v=20ul[/tex]

. Which of the following statement is not related to a chemical reaction ? A. New substances are formed B. Atoms of the elements transform into atoms of other elements C. The properties of the new substances will be different D. There will be bond breaking and bond forming​

Answers

Answer:

the answer should be B because elements do not tranform into other elements in a chemical reaction

am I right please?

Which of the following is used in EBRT?
O Silver tube
O Gold tube
O Copper tube
O Iron tube

Answers

O Cobber Tube

Hope this helps.

Copper tube is used in EBRT.

What is meant by EBRT?External Beam Radiation. Therapy (EBRT) is a type of radiation therapy that directs a beam of radiation from outside the body, toward cancerous tissues inside the body.External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) is the most common type of radiation therapy. It directs high-energy radiation beams at the cancer.

Copper tube is used in EBRT.

To learn more about External Beam Radiation. Therapy (EBRT) refer:https://brainly.com/question/1889767

#SPJ2

15.27
The following equilibria were attained at 823 K:
COO(s) + H2() Co(s) + H2O(g) K = 67

COO(s) + CO(8) = Co(s) + CO2(8) K = 490

Based on these equilibria, calculate the equilibrium con-
stant for
H2(g) + CO2(g) = CO(g) + H2O(g) at 823 K.

Answers

The equilibrium constant for the reaction is K = 0.137

We obtain the equilibrium constant considering the following equilibria and their constants:

COO(s) + H₂(g) → Co(s) + H₂O(g)    K₁ = 67

COO(s) + CO(g) → Co(s) + CO₂(g)   K₂ = 490

We write the first reaction in the forward direction because we need H₂(g) in the reactants side:

(1)     COO(s) + H₂(g) → Co(s) + H₂O(g)    K₁ = 67

Then, we write the second reaction in the reverse direction because we need CO₂(g) in the reactants side. Thus, the equilibrium constant for the reaction in the reverse direction is the reciprocal of the constant for the reaction in the forward direction (K₂):

(2)   Co(s) + CO₂(g) → COO(s) + CO(g)   K₂ = 1/490

From the addition of (1) and (2), we obtain:

COO(s) + H₂(g) → Co(s) + H₂O(g)    K₁ = 67

+

Co(s) + CO₂(g) → COO(s) + CO(g)   K₂ = 1/490

-------------------------------------------------

H₂(g) +  CO₂(g) → CO(g) + H₂O(g)

Notice that Co(s) and COO(s) are removed that appear in the same amount at both sides of the chemical equation.

Now, the equilibrium constant K for the reaction that is the sum of other two reactions is calculated as the product of the equilibrium constants, as follows:

K = K₁ x K₂ = 67 x 1/490 = 67/490 = 0.137

You can learn more about equilibrium constants here:

https://brainly.com/question/15118952

Which of the following releases hormones into your bloodstream?
A. Endocrine system
B. Sympathetic nervous system
C. Lobal system
a
D. Autonomic nervous system

Answers

Answer:

answer is A. Endocrine system

Endocrine glands secrete hormones straight into the bloodstream. Hormones help to control many body functions, such as growth, repair and reproduction.

Answer:

A endocrine system

this is the answer

A solution is made by mixing 34.5 g of sugar with 75.0 g of water. What is the mass percent of sugar in this solution?

Please explain and show work.

Answers

the mass percent of sugar in this solution is 46%.

Answer:

Solution given:

mass of solute=34.5g

mass of solvent=75g

mass percent=[tex]\frac{mass\:of\:solute}{mass\:of \:solvent}*100\%[/tex]

=[tex]\bold{\frac{34.5}{75.0}*100\%=46\%}[/tex]

We know that,

[tex]mass \: solute = \frac{mass \: of \: solute}{mass \: of \: solvent} [/tex]×100

[tex] \frac{34.5}{75.0} = 0.46[/tex]

hope it helps..

What is Avogadro's number?
O A. 6.02 x 10-23
O B. 6.0223
C. 6.02 x 10
D. 6.02 x 1023

Answers

Answer:

E.6.02 10-23

Explanation:

Answer:

6.02×10^23 I hope it helps you

Explanation:

I hope it helps you

Considering a fish breeder decided to breed small fishes which needs a pH between 6,0 to 7,0 to stay alive. He needs to adjust the water's pH that is 5,0 to a value of 6.5, having available only calcium carbonate. The mass in mg added to 5L of water is about:



A)2,5

B)5,5

C)6,5

D)7,5

E)9,5

Answers

6.5< x < 8.5 hope this helps

what is the difference between Absorption and adsorption​

Answers

Absorption is a process in which any substance (atoms, ions, or molecules) is taken by or absorbed by another substance, especially in the solid or liquid material. Adsorption is when the substances like gas, liquids or dissolved solids loosely adhere or stick to the surface of another substance which can be solid or liquid.

A sample of gas in a balloon has an initial temperature of 18 ∘C and a volume of 33 L. If the temperature changes to 47 ∘C, and there is no change of pressure or amount of gas, what is the new volume, V2, of the gas?

Answers

Answer:

The final volume of the sample of gas is 36.287 liters.

Explanation:

Let suppose that sample of gas is a closed system, that is, a system with no mass interactions with surroundings, and gas is represented by the equation of state for ideal gases, which is described below:

[tex]P\cdot V = n\cdot R_{u}\cdot T[/tex] (1)

Where:

[tex]P[/tex] - Pressure, in atmospheres.

[tex]V[/tex] - Volume, in liters.

[tex]n[/tex] - Molar quantity, in moles.

[tex]T[/tex] - Temperature, in Kelvin.

[tex]R_{u}[/tex] - Ideal gas constant, in atmosphere-liters per mole-Kelvin.

As we know that sample of gas experiments an isobaric process, we can determine the final volume by the following relationship:

[tex]\frac{T_{1}}{V_{1}} = \frac{T_{2}}{V_{2}}[/tex] (2)

Where:

[tex]V_{1}[/tex] - Initial volume, in liters.

[tex]V_{2}[/tex] - Final volume, in liters.

[tex]T_{1}[/tex] - Initial temperature, in Kelvin.

[tex]T_{2}[/tex] - Final temperature, in Kelvin.

If we know that [tex]V_{1} = 33\,L[/tex], [tex]T_{1} = 291.15\,K[/tex] and [tex]T_{2} = 320.15\,K[/tex], then the final volume of the gas is:

[tex]V_{2} = V_{1}\cdot \left(\frac{T_{2}}{T_{1}} \right)[/tex]

[tex]V_{2} = 33\,L \times \frac{320.15\,K}{291.15\,K}[/tex]

[tex]V_{2} = 36.287\,L[/tex]

The final volume of the sample of gas is 36.287 liters.

Other Questions
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