A chlorine (CI) atom has 7 valence electrons. Which of the following would be the most likely way for a chlorine atom to become stable?
A. Lose 5 electrons
B. Gain 2 electrons
C. Gain 1 electron
D. Lose 7 electrons
Answer:
Option C. Gain 1 electron
Explanation:
Valence electron(s) are the electron(s) located on the outermost shell of an atom. Valency is simply defined as the combining power of an atom.
Chlorine (Cl) atom has 7 valence electron. This implies that Cl needs just one electron to complete it's octet configuration. It will be difficult for Cl to lose any of it's valence electron(s). Cl can either gain or share 1 electron to become stable.
Thus, considering the options given in the question above, option C gives the correct answer to the question.
We know that water is purified before it is supplied to our houses. Then why do we have filters installed in our houses? What do they serve?
Answer:
Water filters remove elements that cause drinking water to have an unpleasant taste and smell, such as lead, chlorine and bacteria. Home water filtration system will improve the overall purity, taste and smell of your drinking water. It also lowers the pH level of the water that you drink.
A solution has a higher boiling point than its associated pure solvent does.
What is this property of the solution called?
1. boiling-point depression
2. freezing-point depression
3. vapor-pressure lowering
4. boiling-point elevation
Answer:
4 boiling point elevation
(in the image)
What Is the noble gas configuration for strontium (atomic number = 38)? Given: He (atomic number = 2) Ne (atomic number = 10) Ar (atomic number = 18) Kr (atomic number = 36) B В A [Kr 45Kr 5
Answer:
[Kr] 5s²
Explanation:
From the question given above, the following data were obtained:
Atomic number of strontium (Sr) = 38
Electronic configuration =?
Next, we shall determine the electronic configuration of the noble gas element before strontium (Sr).
The noble gas element before strontium (Sr) is krypton (Kr). Thus, the electronic configuration of krypton (Kr) is given below:
Kr (36) => 1s² 2s²2p⁶ 3s²3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s²4p⁶
Finally, we shall determine the electronic configuration of strontium (Sr). This can be obtained as follow:
Kr (36) => 1s² 2s²2p⁶ 3s²3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s²4p⁶
Sr (38) =>?
Sr (38) => 1s² 2s²2p⁶ 3s²3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s²4p⁶ 5s²
But
Kr (36) => 1s² 2s²2p⁶ 3s²3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s²4p⁶
Therefore,
Sr (38) => [Kr] 5s²
Spell out the full name of the compound.
Answer:
it is propane
C3H8 it is propane
The Full name of the given compound is Propane.
What is Propane ?Propane is a three-carbon alkane with the molecular formula C₃H₈.
It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure, but compressible to a transportable liquid.
In the figure given ;
Black balls represents Carbon atomsWhite balls represents Hydrogen atomsIn the given figure, there is single bond present between Carbon and Hydrogen. Hence, The Full name of the given compound is Propane.
Learn More about hydrocarbon here ;
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Using the molarity of vinegar, calculate the mass percent of acetic acid in the original sample. Assume the density of vinegar is 1.00 g/mL. (The formula for acetic acid is C2H4O2).
Answer:
5.37% w/w is the mass percent of vinegar assuming a molarity of 0.8935mol/L
Explanation:
Assuming the molarity of vinegar is 0.8935mol/L:
Mass percent is defined as 100 times the ratio between mass of solute (In this case, acetic acid), and the mass of the solution
To solve this question we need to find the mass of acetic acid from the moles using the molar mass and the mass of the solution from the volume in liters using the density:
Mass Acetic acid -Molar mass: 60.052g/mol-
0.8935mol * (60.052g / mol) = 53.656g Acetic Acid
Mass Solution:
1L = 1000mL * (1.00g/mL) = 1000g Solution
Mass Percent:
53.656g Acetic Acid / 1000g Solution * 100 =
5.37% w/w is the mass percent of vinegar assuming a molarity of 0.8935mol/LThe mass percent of acetic acid in the original sample of vinegar of molarity 0.8935mol/L is 5.37% w/w.
How do we calculate the mass percent?Mass percent of any solute present in any solution will be calculated as the:
Mass % of solute = (mass of solute / mass of solution) × 100
Let the molarity of vinegar = 0.8935mol/L
Means 0.8935 moles of vinegar present in the 1 liter of the solution.
Now we calculate mass from moles as:
n = W/M, where
W = required mass
M = molar mass = 60.052g /mol
W = (0.8935mol)(60.052g/mol) = 53.656g
Mass of solution = 1L = 1000mL×(1.00g/mL) = 1000g Solution
Then the mass % of acetic acid:
Mass % = (53.656g / 1000g) × 100 = 5.37% w/w
Hence the required % mass is 5.37% w/w.
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)Calculate the molar mass of glucose (C6H12O6)
Answer:
Molar mass = 180 g/mol
Explanation:
Relative Atomic Mass of C = 12
of H = 1
of O =16
Let Molar mass be mm
mm of C6H12O6 = 6(12) + 12(1) + 6(16)
= 72 + 12 + 96 = 180 g/mol
What is the concentration of Htions at a pH = 11?
mol/L
What is the concentration of Htions at a pH = 6?
mol/L
How many fewer Htions are there in a solution at a
pH = 11 than in a solution at a pH = 6?
Sofia orders a spare part for her custom-built bike from Oregon Technologies Inc. The company makes use of a computer-aided design model to produce the spare part at its location closest to Sofia's home. In this case, which of the following technologies is used to produce the spare part?
a. Molding
b. Additive manufacturing
c. Lenticular printing
d. Tampography
Answer:
b. Additive manufacturing
Explanation:
Additive manufacturing is defined as that manufacturing process where light parts and components are being developed or manufactured in 3D form by adding materials to it.
It is a process of adding materials to produce the final product. It is also known as 3D printing.
In the context, Oregon Technologies Inc. uses computer-aided design model in order to manufacture a spare part required by Sofia for her custom made bike by using a process called additive manufacturing.
Thus the correct option is (b).
A substance that donates a pair of electrons to form coordinate covalent bond is called
Lewis base: any species that can donate a pair of electrons and form a coordinate covalent bond. ligand: molecule or ion that surrounds a transition metal and forms a complex ion; ligands act as Lewis bases
Determine whether the following statement is TRUE (T) or FALSE (F).
When a Cl- channel on the plasma membrane opens, Cl- flows inward because the [Cl-] inside the cell is lower than that on the outside.
Answer:
I say the statement is true
When selling on the street, dealers may not know the purity of the ketamine they have, and thus users do not know exactly how much ketamine they are receiving. It is unlikely that the ketamine is pure, or even that different batches of ketamine have the same purity. Assume the drug the user typically buys is only 25% ketamine, and therefore, the user actually dissolved 0.250 g ketamine in 1/4 cup of water to make the solution instead of 1 g in the previous question. 1 cup = 236.5 mL What volume of this ketamine solution would the 65.0 kg user have to inject to experience a high at 0.400 mg/kg? volume: mL What volume of this ketamine solution would the user have to inject to become unconscious at 2.00 mg/kg? of use contact us help What volume of this ketamine solution would the user have to inject to become unconscious at 2.00 mg/kg?
Answer:
a. 6.15 mL b. 30.73 mL
Explanation:
a. What volume of this ketamine solution would the 65.0 kg user have to inject to experience a high at 0.400 mg/kg?
Since we have 0.250 g of ketamine in 1/4 cup of water and 1 cup of water equals 236.5 mL, we need to find the concentration of ketamine we have.
So concentration of ketamine C = mass of ketamine, m/volume of water, V
m = 0.250 g and V = 1/4 cup = 1/4 × 236.5 mL = 59.125 mL
So, C = m/V = 0.250 g/59.125 mL = 0.00423 g/mL = 4.23 mg/mL
Since the user has a mass of 65 kg and requires a high at 0.400 mg/kg, the mass of ketamine for this high is M = 65 kg × 0.400 mg/kg = 26 mg
Since mass, M = concentration ,C × volume, V
M = CV
V = M/C
The volume of ketamine required for the 0.400 mg/kg high is
V = 26 mg/4.23 mg/mL
V = 6.15 mL
b. What volume of this ketamine solution would the user have to inject to become unconscious at 2.00 mg/kg?
Since the concentration of ketamine is C = 4.23 mg/mL, and Since the user has a mass of 65 kg and requires an injection of 2.00 mg/kg to be unconscious, the mass of ketamine required to be unconscious is M' = 65 kg × 2.00 mg/kg = 130 mg
Since mass, M' = concentration ,C × volume, V
M' = CV
V = M/C
The volume of ketamine required for the 2.00 mg/kg unconscious injection is
V = 130 mg/4.23 mg/mL
V = 30.73 mL
How many moles of HCl are contained in 0.600 L of 0.120 M HCl?
Please explain and show work.
We know
[tex]\boxed{\Large{\sf Molarity=\dfrac{No\:of\:moles\:of\:solute}{Volume\:of\:solution\:in\;\ell}}}[/tex]
[tex]\\ \Large\sf\longmapsto No\:of\:moles\:of\:HCl=0.6\times 0.12[/tex]
[tex]\\ \Large\sf\longmapsto No\:of\:moles\:of\:HCl=0.072mol[/tex]
Answer:
0.0.72
Explanation:
moles = V*CM=0.6*0.12=0.0.72
In an analysis of interhalogen reactivity, 0.350 mol ICl was placed in a 5.00 L flask and allowed to decompose at a high temperature.
2 ICl(g) I2(g) + Cl2(g)
Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of I2, Cl2, and ICl. (Kc = 0.110 at this temperature.)
I2 M
Cl2 M
ICl M
Answer:
[ICl] = 0.0420 M
[I₂] = [Cl₂] = 0.0140 M
Explanation:
Step 1: Calculate the initial concentration of ICl
[ICl] = 0.350 mol / 5.00 L = 0.0700 M
Step 2: Make an ICE chart
2 ICl(g) ⇄ I₂(g) + Cl₂(g)
I 0.0700 0 0
C -2x +x +x
E 0.0700-2x x x
The concentration equilibrium constant (Kc) is:
Kc = 0.110 = [I₂] [Cl₂] / [ICl]² = x² / (0.0700-2x)² = (x/0.0700-2x)²
0.332 = x/0.0700-2x
x = 0.0140
The concentrations at equilbrium are:
[ICl] = 0.0700-2x = 0.0700-0.0280 = 0.0420 M
[I₂] = [Cl₂] = x = 0.0140 M
The reaction A + B <-------> C + D has been studied at five widely different temperature and the equilibrium tabulated.
Equilibrium constant K (at varies temperatures)
K at T1 1 x 10^-2
K at T2 2.25
K at T3 1.0
K at T4 81
K at T5 4 x 10^1
Which temperature is the products favored?
If K is greater than 1, then products are favored
Nucleophilic aromatic substitution involves the formation of a resonance-stabilized carbanion intermediate called a Meisenheimer complex as the nucleophile attacks the ring carbon carrying the eventual leaving group.
a. True
b. False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Aromatic rings undergo nucleophillic substitution reactions in the presence of a electron withdrawing group which stabilizes the Meisenheimer complex.
When the nucleophile attacks the ring carbon atom carrying the eventual leaving group. A resonance-stabilized carbanion intermediate called a Meisenheimer complex is formed.
Subsequent loss of the leaving group from the intermediate complex yields the product of the reaction.
lution: What is the molarity of 245 g of H, SO4 dissolved in 1.00 L of solution?
Answer:
Cm = n/V
n(H2SO4) = 245/98 = 2.5 mol
Cm(H2SO4) = 2.5/1 = 2.5 M
Explanation:
9. Consider a magnesium atom with charge +2. How many overall electrons are on this particle?
Hint: Magnesium's atomic number is 12.
10
12
14
Determine the boiling point of a solution that contains 150.0 g of naphthalene (C10H8, molar mass = 128.16 g/mol) dissolved in 950 mL of benzene (d = 0.877 g/mL). Pure benzene has a boiling point of 80.1°C and a boiling point elevation constant of 2.53°C/m.
Answer:
Boiling T° of solution → 83.6°C
Explanation:
To solve this, we apply Elevation of boiling point, property
ΔT = Kb . m . i
As we talk about organic solute, i = 1. No ions are formed.
m = molality (moles of solute in 1kg of solvent)
We determine mass of solvent by density
D = m /V so D . V = m
950 mL . 0.877 g/mL = 833.15 g
We convert to kg → 833.15 g . 1 kg/ 1000g = 0.833 kg
Moles of solute (naphtalene): 150 g . 1 mol/ 128.16g = 1.17 mol
m = 1.17mol / 0.833 kg = 1.41 mol/kg
We replace data:
Boiling T° of solution - 80.1°C = 2.53°C/m . 1.41 m . 1
Boiling T° of solution = 2.53°C/m . 1.41 m . 1 + 80.1°C → 83.6°C
Answer:
The answer is c or 17.1 g
All of the following are TRUE for activities and activity coefficients, except: A) activity for a chemical species is the product of concentration and activity coefficient. B) the activity coefficient corrects for non-ideal behavior due to ionic strength. C) as ionic strength increases, the value of the activity coefficient increases. D) for ions, the activity coefficient approaches unity as the ionic strength approaches 0. E) the activity coefficient for neutral molecules is approximately unity.
Answer:
C) as ionic strength increases, the value of the activity coefficient increases.
Explanation:
The effective concentration of ions available for reactions is known as the activity of the ion.
The activity coefficient important in chemistry because it accounts for the deviation of a solution from ideal behaviour.
The activity of a chemical species is defines as the product of concentration and activity coefficient.
Following the Debye–Hückel limiting law; log γ = −0.509z2I1/2. The ionic strength of a solution tends to increase as the activity coefficient (γ) of the ion decreases.
Ammonium phosphate NH43PO4 is an important ingredient in many fertilizers. It can be made by reacting phosphoric acid H3PO4 with ammonia NH3. What mass of ammonium phosphate is produced by the reaction of 5.5g of phosphoric acid
Answer:
8.3 g
Explanation:
Step 1: Write the balanced equation
H₃PO₄ + 3 NH₃ ⇒ (NH₄)₃PO₄
Step 2: Calculate the moles corresponding to 5.5 g of H₃PO₄
The molar mass of H₃PO₄ is 97.99 g/mol.
5.5 g × 1 mol/97.99 g = 0.056 mol
Step 3: Calculate the moles of (NH₄)₃PO₄ produced
The molar ratio of H₃PO₄ to (NH₄)₃PO₄is 1:1. The moles of (NH₄)₃PO₄ produced are 1/1 × 0.056 mol = 0.056 mol.
Step 4: Calculate the mass corresponding to 0.056 moles of (NH₄)₃PO₄
The molar mass of (NH₄)₃PO₄ is 149.09 g/mol.
0.056 mol × 149.09 g/mol = 8.3 g
For which of the following reactions is the enthalpy change equal to the second ionization energy of nitrogen?
Answer:
"[tex]N^+(g) \rightarrow N^{2+}(g) + e^-[/tex]" is the appropriate answer.
Explanation:
Whenever one electron or particle must be removed from some kind of gas atom or molecule, it requires that the very first amount of energy necessary.Two electrons must be removed from such a mono-positive exhaust gases structure or position of ion before they may become a dipositive gaseous ion.Thus the above is the correct answer.
Which of the following ions is the less likely to be formed?
A) Li+3
B) Na+
C) I-
D) Sr2+
Ε) Η+
Answer:
Li^3+
Explanation:
The electronic configuration of lithium is ; 1s2 2s1. This means that lithium has one electron in its outermost shell and two core electrons.
We know that it is difficult to remove these core electrons during ionization. Lithium belongs to group 1 hence Li^+ is formed more easily.
It is very difficult to form Li^3+ because it involves loss of core electrons which requires a lot of energy.
Write an essay on sensipar (cinacalcet)
Explanation:
The menstrual cycle is a reproductive cycle that takes place in the females of the group of primates. The menstrual cycle is divided into four phases:
(i) Menstrual phase: It extends from 1
st
to 4
th
day of the cycle. It occurs in the absence of fertilisation. During this phase, bleeding occurs as the endometrium of the uterus is sloughed off. The menstrual flow consists of secretion of endometrial glands, cell debris, unfertilized ovum. After 4
th
day, once again the FSH secretion from the pituitary is resumed and the new follicle starts developing.
(ii) Follicular phase: When the ovary is in this phase, the uterus enters in the proliferative phase. This takes place from 5
th
to 13
th
day of the cycle. During this phase new primordial follicle in the ovary develops due to the action of FSH from the pituitary. It gradually changes into the Graafian follicle and the production of estrogen starts. Only one follicle develops in one cycle. Corresponding to the changes in the ovary, the uterus also undergoes proliferation. Endometrial glands, stimulated by estrogen do repair process of the uterus.
(iii) Ovulatory phase: During this phase, ovulation takes place. It usually occurs on 14
th
day. Mature Graafian follicle ruptures due to LH secreted by the pituitary. Graafian follicle bursts and releases the ovum. This ovum along with the follicular fluid is picked up by the fimbriae of the infundibulum of the fallopian tube. It passes through the fallopian tube, where, if it happens to meet a sperm, it is fertilised. If not fertilised, the ovum degenerates.
(iv) Luteal phase: It corresponds with the secretory phase in the uterus. It takes place between 15
th
to 28
th
day of the cycle.
Ovarian changes: In the ovary, corpus luteum is formed from an empty Graafian follicle. Progesterone is secreted now. If the ovum is fertilised, corpus luteum is retained. LH and LTH from pituitary help in the maintenance of corpus luteum. If the ovum is not fertilised, corpus luteum degenerates and forms corpus albicans.
Uterine changes: Under the influence of progesterone, there is an increase in the thickness of the endometrium. Endometrial glands grow and become secretory. Progesterone is responsible for the maintenance of pregnancy. When fertilised ovum reaches the uterus, it is implanted and the placenta is formed. Till placenta becomes functional corpus luteum keeps on producing progesterone. But when progesterone source is cut off, endometrium sloughs off and menstruation begins
What is ethane?
A. A polymer
B. An alkyne
C. An alkane
D. An alkene
Answer:
D. An alkene
Explanation:
because Ethane is C2H4
Answer:
It's a alkANE. C.
Explanation:
The easiest way to memorize this is to look at the endings. Substances that end in -ANE are alkANEs. Substances that end in -ENE are alkENEs. Substances that end in -YNE are alkYNEs.
To draw a Lewis structure for a polyatomic ion, begin by calculating A, the available electrons, and N, the needed electrons. What is N for CIO3-, the chlorate ion?
A = 26
N = ?
Answer:
16
Explanation:
Because the sum of all electron in that compound should be 41 and as it has one electron extra ,total no. of electrons are 42 .
So if we add 26 +16 we get 42
Hence it's correct answer
PLEASE HELP ASAP
A total of 132.33g C3H8 is burned in 384.00 g O2. Use the following questions to determine the amounts of products formed.
• How many grams of CO2 and H2O will be produced? (2 points)
b. If the furnace is not properly adjusted, the products of combustion can include other gases, such as CO and unburned hydrocarbons. If only 269.34 g of CO2 were formed in the above reaction, what would the percent yield be? (2 points)
A laboratory utilizes a mixture of 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the freezing and long-term storage of embryonic stem cells. If DMSO has a specific gravity of 1.1004, calculate the specific gravity, to four decimal places, of the mixture (assume water to be the 90% portion).
Answer:
The correct answer is "1.0100".
Explanation:
Let the volume of mixture be 100 ml.
then,
The volume of DMSO will be 10 mL as well as that of water will be 90 mL.
DMSO will be:
= [tex]10\times 1.1004[/tex]
= [tex]11.004 \ g[/tex]
The total mass of mixture will be:
= [tex]90+11.004[/tex]
= [tex]101.004 \ g[/tex]
Density of mixture will be:
= [tex]\frac{Mass}{Volume}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{101.004}{100}[/tex]
= [tex]1.01004 \ g/mL[/tex]
hence,
Specific gravity of mixture will be:
= [tex]\frac{Density \ of \ mixture}{Density \ of \ water}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{1.01004}{1}[/tex]
= [tex]1.0100[/tex]
What is the hydrogen atoms in 39.6g of ammonium sulphate,NH4 2SO4
using the balanced equation below how many grams of lead(||) sulfate would be produced from the complete reaction of 23.6 g lead (|V) oxide
Answer:
59.8 g of PbSO₄.
Explanation:
The balanced equation for the reaction is given below:
Pb + PbO₂ + 2H₂SO₄ —> 2PbSO₄ + 2H₂O
Next, we shall determine the mass of PbO₂ that reacted and the mass of PbSO₄ produced from the balanced equation. This can be obtained as follow:
Molar mass of PbO₂ = 207 + (16×2)
= 207 + 32
= 239 g/mol
Mass of PbO₂ from the balanced equation = 1 × 239 = 239 g
Molar mass of PbSO₄ = 207 + 32 + (16×4)
= 207 + 32 + 64
= 303 g/mol
Mass of PbSO₄ from the balanced equation = 2 × 303 = 606 g
SUMMARY:
From the balanced equation above,
239 g of PbO₂ reacted to produce 606 g of PbSO₄.
Finally, we shall determine the mass of PbSO₄ that will be produced by the reaction of 23.6 g of PbO₂. This can be obtained as follow:
From the balanced equation above,
239 g of PbO₂ reacted to produce 606 g of PbSO₄.
Therefore, 23.6 g of PbO₂ will react to produce = (23.6 × 606) / 239 = 59.8 g of PbSO₄.
Thus, 59.8 g of PbSO₄ were obtained from the reaction.
