This problem leads you through the derivation of a corrected equation for RF in yeast tetrad analysis that takes into account double crossover (DCO) meioses. A yeast strain that cannot grow in the absence of the amino acid histidine (his−) is mated with a yeast strain that cannot grow in the absence of the amino acid lysine (lys−). Among the 400 unordered tetrads resulting from this mating, 233 were PD, 11 were NPD, and 156 were T.
a. What types of spores are in the PD, NPD, and T tetrads?
b. Are the his and lys genes linked? How do you know?
c. Using the simple equation RF = 100 × [NPD +(1/2)T]/total tetrads, calculate the distance in mapunits between the his and lys genes.
d. If you think about all the kinds of meiotic eventsthat could occur (refer to Fig. 5.24), you can see that the calculation you did in part (c) may substantially underestimate RF. What kinds of meioses (NCO, SCO, or DCO) generated each of the tetrad types in this cross?
e. What incorrect assumptions does the simple RFequation you used in part (c) make about themeiotic events producing each type of tetrad? Whencould these assumptions nevertheless be correct?
f. Use your answers to part (d) to determine thenumber of NCO, SCO, and DCO meioses thatgenerated the 400 tetrads.
g. Use your answers to part (f) to write a generalequation that relates the number of DCO meiosesto the number of the various tetrad types. Thenwrite another general equation that computes thenumber of SCO meioses as a function of the number of the various tetrad types.
h. Based on your answer to part (f), calculate theaverage number of crossovers per meiosis (m)between his and lys.
i. Use your answer to (h) to write an equation for min terms of NCO, SCO, and DCO meioses.
j. What is the relationship between RF and m?
k. Use your answer to part (j) to write a corrected equation for RF in terms of SCO, DCO, and NCO meioses. l. Using your answer to part (g), rewrite the corrected RF equation from part (k) in terms of the numbersof the various tetrad types.
m. The equation you just wrote in part (l) is a corrected equation for RF that takes into account doublecrossovers that would otherwise have been missed. Use this improved formula to calculate a moreaccurate distance between the his and lys genes than the one you calculated in part (c).
Answers
Answer:
d and e
Explanation:
Related Questions
On nights when we see the new Moon phase, what side of the moon are we seeing?
Answers
Answer:
The side of the moon that isn't lit
Explanation:
Because that side of the moon isn't lit then that's what we're seeing
Why is the use of iodised salt advisable?
Answers
Answer:
as iodine is necessary for our body......
Explanation:
Iodized salt is advisable due to the iodine it contains.Iodine is a mineral that is essential for the body,it helps prevent goiter. (the inflammation and swelling of the thyroid gland)
I hope this helps you.
Why did gregor mendel study pea plants?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
If im correct, the pea plant study was a way to use plants with their different traits to study Dominant and Recessive traits in plants.
He crossed a smoother pea with a more wrinky one and used the offspring as a way to determine dominant and recessive phenotypes.
I may be incorrect but I hope this helps!
Which of the 5 kingdoms carry out photosynthesis?
The 5 kingdoms are: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
Answers
Answer:
Plantae is the kingdom that carries out photosynthesis
Answer:
Plantae, Monera, and Protista can carry out Photosynthesis
“A student sees several ants walking up a wall following the exact same trail that an ant took earlier. She wants to apply the scientific method the determine how the ants detected the trail. Which of these players would come first in her application of scientific method “
Please help
Answers
Answer:
Choice 4.
Explanation:
After asking the question, the next step in the scientific method is to make your hypothesis.
Does a corpse flowers smell meet the definition of an adaptations
Answers
it is the dynamic evolutionary process that fits organisms to their environment, enhancing their evolutionary fitness.
definition: a change or the process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment.
Does evolution occur at the individual or population level?
Answers
Answer:
populations
Explanation:
this is because individual species are not changing. Populations are evolving. Since people in a group differ, those of the population are more able to live and replicate owing to a specific range of environmental conditions.
hope this helped!
Explanation:
the process of evolution occurs only in population and not in individuals . all single individual can not evolve alone evolution is the process of changing the gene frequencies with in a gene pool .
Where does meiosis take place?
Answers
Answer:
Meiosis takes place in germ line cell.
Invovled in reproduction.
Explanation:
Answers:
Diploid cells
Explanation:
Meiosis takes place to produce two gametes or sex cells
Select the DATA tab. Select Pictograph and click the Tree to show the size of the tree population for the past several years.
Answers
Answer:
it should grow bigger over time
Explanation:
Candace is wanting to be sure that she is doing what she can to prevent the spread of disease. Which of the following should she sure to do?
Answers
Answer: She should Avoid Contact with other people's bodily fluids.
Explanation: Hope that helps! (:
Answer:
She should avoid contact with other peoples bodily fluids
Explanation:
I just did the lesson and this is the correct answer.
Darwin noticed that birds that were good at finding scarce food in the winter had a better chance of surviving and producing offspring. What did he call this struggle for existence?
Answers
Answer:
Natural selection.
Explanation:
Explain how is it possible to have twins that are not identical
Answers
Fraternal (dizygotic) twins come from 2 different fertilized eggs that both grow in the mother's womb. They have different DNA (2 eggs from the mother, 2 sperm from the father) and are not identical, although they often look alike.
Identical (monozygotic) twins come from one fertilized egg that has split in two. These twins share the same DNA and are completely identical.
Identical twins develop from the same egg and sperm,the embryos split and form identical twins ,they are the same sex. But some are fraternal twins, they develop with two diferent sets of sperm and eggs by the same parents. They can be from diferent, this is like having diferent babies at the same time.
Use the drop-down menus below to identify the organ(s) that is/are responsible for each function of the
excretory system.
releases excess heat from body
reabsorb water to maintain normal composition and volume of blood
and fluids and prevent dehydration
excrete wastes that balance salt
Answers
Explanation:
releases excess heat from the body, which would be sweat glands, excretory system/
reabsorb h2o 2 maintain norm. composition, volume of blood=kidneys.
Answer:
1.skin
2.kidneys and large intestine
3.skin, large intestine, and kidneys
Explanation: got it right
what is the difference between autosome and x-linked ?
Answers
Autosomal recessive disorders are typically not seen in every generation of an affected family. X-linked dominant disorders are caused by mutations in genes on the X chromosome, one of the two sex chromosomes in each cell.
What is the evidence for evolution?
Answers
Answer:
foills
Explanation:
provide solid evidence that organism from the past are not the same as found
Which term is defined as a place where plates move apart (mostly in the sea but also on land
Answers
The Answer is
Rift Valley
This is the range of habitats in a region
Answers
Answer: species range
Explanation:
A species range is an area where a particular species can be found during its lifetime. Species ranges include areas where individuals or communities may migrate or hibernate.
hopefully this helps
DNA: TTA CGC AAC TGG CTA ATT
mRNA: AAU GCG UGA CCG AUU AAC
Identify the type of mutation that occurred in the sequence above and evaluate the significance of these changes. (Will it have any problems in protein synthesis?)
Hint: 1st determine if it was copied to mRNA correctly. When you find the error, that is the mutation. 2nd use the chart if a different amino acid is created, this will determine if it will affect protein synthesis.
Answers
Answer:
See the answer below.
Explanation:
The correct mRNA sequence from the DNA according to the base pairing rule should be:
AAU GCG UUG ACC GAU UAA
Instead of:
AAU GCG UGA CCG AUU AAC
This thus means that some of the nucleotide bases have been wrongly substituted.
The most important change is the codon 'UUG' becoming 'UGA', while the former codes for the amino acid leucine, the latter represents a stop codon. A stop codon will result in a non-functional or defective protein.
Hence, the type of mutation is nonsense mutation which results in a sudden cessation of protein synthesis as a result of a codon being prematurely changed to a stop codon.
The significance of this kind of mutation is that a defective on non-functional protein will result which will have a serious phenotypic implication in organisms.
Is Vanilla Silk Milk?
Answers
Answer:
Yes it is milk.
Explanation:
The main component would be the milk, the other 2 would be silk and vanilla to create the substance! Since vanilla is a main component !! It can be classified as milk !!
Answer: yes vanilla milk is silky
Explanation:
For it to be silky it needs to have
A serving of Silk Vanilla Soymilk has 6.25 grams.
Hope this helps :)
Water makes up a large percentage of the body’s cells. For a cell to remain in homeostasis, there must be a mechanism to control water changes in the cells. The movement of water from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration is . osmosis,diffusion,active transport or stable transport
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
active transport
What is ethanol? What does ethanol do in our system (as it pertains to drinking alcohol?) What is the relatively small size of the ethanol size important
Answers
Ethanol is naturally produced by the fermentation of sugars by yeasts or via petrochemical processes, and is commonly consumed as a popular recreational drug. It also has medical applications as an antiseptic and disinfectant. The compound is widely used as a chemical solvent, either for scientific chemical testing or in synthesis of other organic compounds, and is a vital substance used across many different kinds of manufacturing industries. Ethanol is also used as an alternative fuel source.
State the genus and the species of the large cactus ground finch.
Answers
Answer:
genus: Geospiza
species: conirostris
Explanation:
Pleaseee help me out.
The T allele codes for tall stems in pea plants and the t allele codes for short stems. If T is
dominant and t recessive, what percentage of the offspring would you expect to have each
phenotype from a cross of Tt x tt?
a. 75**
tall and 25% short
b. 25% tall and 75% short
C. 50% tall and 50% short
d. 25% tall and 25% short
Answers
Answer:
50% tall and 50% short.
Explanation:
T t
t Tt tt
t Tt tt
Which list shows the levels of organization of an organism in hierarchical order from left to right, from the least complex to the most complex?
Answers
Answer:
cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
Explanation:
organism, organ, organ system, cell, tissue organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell cell, tissue, organ system, organ, organism cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organismI took the test and got it right on ed ...
cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism shows the levels of organization of an organism in hierarchical order from left to right, from the least complex to the most complex.
what is the level of organization in an organism ?
Cellular organization is one of the characteristics of a living organism which states that each living organism is made up of a single cell or more than one cell.
It is made up of various components such as chemicals like micro molecule that form the macro molecule, at chemical level the structural composition are organized together to make cells
At Cellular level of organization form the tissue and it is complex to cell but simpler to organ which makeup of various together.
The cluster of interacting organs is necessary as the organ which are the structural level that individuals do the specific function.
Organs are gather together form organ system and it is a complex system made up of organs that are similar in their function.
For more details regarding level of organization , visit
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What group behavior is being displayed by the cattle grouping together?
Answers
Answer:
It is called a social behavior.
Explanation:
Group behavior is a term that expresses the manner of behavior among two or more interacting specie of organism to achieve a purpose. Various organisms show different group behaviors.
When cattle group together, they display a herding ungulates as the behavioral group. They come together to achieve a particular objective which could be for protection, survival, feeding etc. Thus forming a social group and interact among themselves.
Indicate whether each effect of climate change on Alberta would be expected (E) or would not be expected (NE). Place your answer in the blank space given.
a. more stable weather conditions
b. more wheat and less canola grown as crops
c. greater threat to forests from insect pests
d. greater biodiversity of wetland species
e. better agricultural conditions in northern Alberta
f. improved air quality in urban areas
thanks!
Answers
Answer:
a. more stable weather conditions --- NE
b. more wheat and less canola grown as crops ---E
c. greater threat to forests from insect pests ----E
d. greater biodiversity of wetland species ----E
e. better agricultural conditions in northern Alberta ----E
f. improved air quality in urban areas-----NE
Explanation:
The climate of Alberto change with the increase in temperature which disturb the weather condition of the region. This increase in temperature decreases the production of wheat crop so more wheat crop is cultivated for fulfilling the needs. This increase in temperature make the environment more suitable for different organisms. The climate is cold during winter so increase in temperature causes condition suitable for agriculture in northern Alberta. Improved air quality in urban areas is not possible due to more production of carbondioxide gas which leads to increase in temperature.
11. The behavior of the land
masses over geological time
illustrates the theory of
Answers
Answer:
Continental drift theory
Explanation:
Continental drift theory refers to the movement of land masses over the earth's geological time. This movement n of the masses of the earth allows us to conclude that the continents change their shapes over time and change, including their location in different regions of the planet.
As we already know the movement of the masses of the earth is done in relation to the movement of the tectonic plates.
Where are metamorphic rocks likely to form?
Answers
You would most likely find metamorphic rocks if you dug deep into the earth. This is because these types of rocks form in areas of extremely high heat and pressure.
Answer: deep in planets crust
Explanation:
Although metamorphic rocks typically form deep in the planet’s crust, they are often exposed on the surface of the Earth. This happens due to geologic uplift and the erosion of the rock and soil above them. At the surface, metamorphic rocks will be exposed to weathering processes and may break down into sediment.
SHORT ANSWER:
Explain the function of 2 important cell organelles that play role in protein synthesis
Answers
Answer:
Ribosomes and Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes are the organelles responsible for protein translation and are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. ... If the protein in question is a cytoplasmic protein that will not be transported to the cell membrane or secreted, it will be translated on a cytoplasmic ribosome.
hope it helps : D
Explanation:
what is carrying capacity
Answers
Answer:
carrying capacity is how much population an environment can hold without its resources being used up/ when a Population Hits Its Limit. an example would be The Carrying Capacity of North American Deer. the Carrying Capacity of Grazing Cattle.
hope this helped!
