Epinephrine is a hormone that regulates cellular energy metabolism to break down glycogen into glucose. The signal transduction pathway involves the production of cAMP. If caffeine blocks the activity of cAMP, what would happen to the signal transduction pathway?

The signaling pathway will amplify and produce more glucose.
The signaling pathway will conform to bind to the receptor cells.
The downstream components will be altered and ultimately affect production of glucose.
The downstream components will function normally.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: The downstream components will be altered and ultimately affect production of glucose.

Explanation: Epinephrine is a hormone that belongs to a class of biomolecules called catecholamines. When it reaches the target cell it binds to a receptor that is connected to an enzyme called adenylate cyclase that converts ATP into cAMP(cyclic adenosine monophosphate). cAMP plays an important role in the phosphorylation of proteins which alters their activity. In this case the activity of the enzyme that hydrolyses glycogen to glucose. When caffeine blocks the activity of cAMP it ultimately inhibits the action of the downstream components.

Answer 2

If caffeine blocks the activity of cAMP, then in the signal transduction pathway the downstream components will be altered and ultimately affect the production of glucose. Thus, the correct option is C.

What is Epinephrine?

Epinephrine is also known as adrenaline. It is a hormone which belongs to a class of biomolecules called catecholamines. When this hormone reaches the target cell it binds to a receptor present on the cell that is connected to an enzyme called the adenylate cyclase which converts ATP into cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate).

cAMP plays an important role in the phosphorylation of proteins in the cell which alters their activity. In this case, the activity of the enzyme that hydrolyses glycogen to glucose. When caffeine blocks the activity of cAMP, it ultimately inhibits the action of the downstream components involved in the signaling pathway.

Therefore, the correct option is C.

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Related Questions

Analyze the oxygen levels of the victims. Were the levels higher or lower than normal? How can you reconcile this observation with the cause of death being hypoxia

Answers

Answer:

In the case study of the Chicago cyanide murder, the oxygen levels were very low which lead to the death of the cells in the body (there would be signs of dead cells in the victims' bodies).

Explanation:

The mitochondrion is the powerhouse of all cells in the animal body, it is responsible for cellular respiration and production of adenosine triphosphate or ATP.

When the cyanide stops the activities of the mitochondrion, each cell in the body begins to die as a result of hypoxia, which is a condition where the body or a part of the body is deprived of oxygen.

If there is 20% thymine within a DNA molecule. How much guanine is there?

Answers

Answer:

a lot

Explanation:

i dont actually know

why plants need the carbohydrates they produce in photosynthesis?

Answers

Answer: Carbohydrate make up part of the cellulose, giving plants strength and structure.

Explanation:

Answer:

Green plants create carbohydrates on their own through the process of photosynthesis. Those carbohydrates are the plant's source of fuel for growth. If even one basic ingredient a plant needs for photosynthesis is absent or lacking, the plant's health can suffer, resulting in stunted growth or reduced production.

Explanation:

please help asap thank youuuu

Answers

Answer:

1. mRNA = GGA GAA AUG UGU GCC UCC CUA GCG AUA AGA UAC UAA UGU GCC AAC GCU AGG UAU UAG

Protein = GLY GLU MET CYS ALA SER HIS ALA LLE ARG TYR STOP

2. mRNA = UCA UGA AUU GAG AAU UGA GAG AUU UCU GGU CGU GAG GCU ACU UGA CCU CGA

Protein = SER STOP

3. mRNA = AUU UGA GCC AUG GAU AUC UAC AUU AAU GGG UAG

Protein = LLE STOP

Explanation:

G = C     C = G    T = A      A = U

Protein you keep matching with chart till you get to a stop

Name the two major types of cell transport

Answers

There are two major types of cell transport: passive transport and active transport. Passive transport requires no energy. It occurs when substances move from areas of higher to lower concentration. Types of passive transport include simple diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion.

Earth's second atmosphere (atmosphere III) was a thick atmosphere of primarily water vapor and carbon dioxide,
What effects did this have on Earth?

A. Heat energy was retained and water vapor condensed
B. Ultraviolet light split water vapor into hydrogen and oxygen.
C. Increased oxygen allowed reptiles to thrive.
D. Helium and hydrogen gases escaped earth's gravity

Answers

The answer is A.
Heat energy was retained and water vapor condensed . Hope this helps (:

This had the same effect on Earth as it did on Mars. Heat energy was conserved, and water vapor was condensed.

What was the second atmosphere of Earth like?The second atmosphere, which remained on the planet, was formed by volcanic outgassing and comet ices. This atmosphere had almost no oxygen, but plenty of water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and methane.When Earth's crust began to cool 2.5 billion years ago, there was less water vapor in the sky, and more water condensed into liquid, resulting in the formation of Earth's second atmosphere.The second atmosphere was formed by volcanic outgassing and comet ices, and it was the first to survive on Earth.A secondary atmosphere is a planet's atmosphere that did not form through accretion during the formation of the planet's star. Instead, a secondary atmosphere forms as a result of internal volcanic activity or the accumulation of material from comet impacts.

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what molecule is this???​

Answers

Answer:

NUCLEOTIDE

Explanation:

Nitrogenous base molecule is joined to sugar molecule by a glycosidic bond and forms a structure called nucleoside.The nucleoside combines with a phosphate group by an ester bond to form a nucleotide.A unit formed by the attachment of a base of 1' position of sugar is known as nucleoside when nucleoside is linked to phosphoric acid at 5' position of sugar moiety we get a nucleotide.

What’s the answer to this??

Answers


I think it’s 12 but i’m not 100% sure.
Yeah I’m pretty sure it’s 12! Because blah blah

a diploid cells that enters meiosis with 12 chromosomes...

Answers

Answer:

In humans, the haploid cells made in meiosis are sperm and eggs. When a sperm and an egg join in fertilization, the two haploid sets of chromosomes form a complete diploid set: a new genome.

formulate a hypothesis for this investigation?​

Answers

Answer:

what investigation?

Explanation:


Which of these statements is a piece of evidence supporting the theory of evolution?

Answers

Answer:

DNA and the genetic code reflect the shared ancestry of life. DNA comparisons can show how related species are. Biogeography. The global distribution of organisms and the unique features of island species reflect evolution and geological change.

Answer:

C

Explanation:

What type of phrase is the following?
Wonderful friend
Verb
O Preposition
Noun

Answers

noun

and verb also can lead proper verb

Answer:

It would be a Preposition Noun

Explanation:

A preposition is a word that expresses relations. Paired with a noun, a preposition can tell you precisely where an object is or the means by which something is accomplished. Prepositions are easy to spot because they typically follow the noun or pronoun that they modify

P.S. I'm pretty sure this would belong in an English/ELA related subject

I need help on this one and another one pls help

Answers

Answer:

I think the last option which is plant cells

Explanation:

because their wavelength is from 450-475 nm and around 650-675 nm.

Answer:

Plant cells

Explanation:

2.07 Module 02 Exam flvs

Answers

There is a very reliable sores that is telling that the answer is something completely good that would be hard to explain to the human mind but it could be considered correct

Answer:

use the lessons

Explanation:

Plz help!! We cannot survive without plants, while they would be fine without us. Explain.

Answers

Answer:

We cannot survive without plants because they give us oxygen and food. Plants would be fine without us because the earth gives them everything they need. The sun provides energy; rain, bodies of water, and groundwater provide water; the atmosphere provides nitrogen and carbon dioxide--all of these factors are required for photosynthesis to occur. This is how plants make glucose to feed themselves. Additionally, plants reproduce by several means, whether by pollination or wind spreading seeds to the ground.

Explanation:

Humans cannot survive without plants, while they would be fine without humans because plants produce oxygen.

Photosynthesis:

It is the process in the plant that produces glucose using the Carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight.

During the process plants release Oxygen as byproduct which is used by all animals in the earth.Photosynthetic plants are the only source of Oxygen in the Earth.Plants are the primary producers in the food chain. Hence, consumers will not able to get the food.

Humans do not do anything that is compulsive need of plants.

Therefore, humans cannot survive without plants, while they would be fine without humans.

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One of the laws of motion sates, An Object in motion stays in motion

Answers

Answer:

False

Explanation:

An object in motion will not always stay in motion. At one point it will still fall to the ground because of gravity. The answer is no.

Can you please help me w this

Answers

Answer:

I searched but couldn't find anything helpful

Explanation:

In anaerobic cellular respiration, the products could be:

Carbon Dioxide
Glucose
Ethyl Alcohol
Water
ATP
Lactic Acid

(multiple choices)​

Answers

Atp, and lactic acid

Pick one.
1. Fruits
2. Vegetables
3. Meat
4. Bugs
5. Plants

Answers

2. MEATTTTT hehee!!!

21. Explain why the parent cell and both daughter cells must have the same number of chromosomes after mitosis is over

Answers

Answer:

Quando uma célula somática se multiplica para dar origem a duas células-filhas, ela o faz a partir de um processo conhecido como mitose. Ou seja, as duas células-filhas mantém o mesmo número de cromossomos da célula-mãe.



Explain how the position of a
sedimentary rock layer can provide clues as to
its age compared to layers above and below it.

Answers

it shows age because of the different colors in the layers because they change and react with the elements and that is how you know how old they are. they show the age from the amount of layers the rocks have

If a black guinea pig Bb were crossed with a white guinea pig bb, what would be the resulting phenotypic ratio?
0:1 black to white
1:0 black to white
1:1 black to white
3:1 black to white

Answers

Answer:

1:1 black to white  

The correct answer is 1:1

Describe the overall goal of photosynthesis and include the complete chemical reactions (in chemical form)

Answers

Answer:

organisms transform light energy into chemical energy. During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds.

Explanation:

Mark as brainliest

Which are included in the inflammatory response? Select three options.

pain
swelling
antibodies
mucus
rednes

Answers

Answer:

the answer is redness, pain and swelling

Explanation:

The primary indicators of inflammation include discomfort, heat, redness, edema, and functional loss.

What are the main symptoms of inflammatory response?

Redness (Latin rubor), heat (Latin calor), swelling (Latin tumor), and pain are the four primary indicators of inflammation (dolor). Small blood vessels in the injured area enlarge, resulting in redness.

Inflammatory cells and cytokines are the initial responders that your immune system dispatches (substances that stimulate more inflammatory cells).

Due to an allergic reaction, several of these symptoms are visible here. Heat, discomfort, redness, swelling, and loss of function are the five primary symptoms (Latin calor, dolor, rubor, tumor, and functio laesa).

Therefore, redness, pain, and swelling are included in the inflammatory response.

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If many trees are removed from a forest by
logging, what is the most immediate effect on the
carbon cycle in that forest?

Answers

Answer:

Trees which would have otherwise decayed and become a part of the carbon cycle would be lost, but the immediate impact of deforestation would be the control of the atmosphere

Explanation:

Does any one know the correct choice for these?! If you are correct ill mark you as the best answer!

Answers

Answer:

1 A 2D

Explanation:

Which of the types of transport moves molecules by diffusion?
I. Active transport
II. Simple diffusion
III. Facilitated diffusion
IV. Osmosis

Answers

Answer:

Active transport....... hope it help

Explain the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration using the following words: Photosynthesis, Cellular respiration, Atmosphere, Chloroplasts, Sunlight, Reactants, Products, Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Glucose (C6H12O6), Water (H2O), Oxygen (O2), Energy (ATP)

Answers

Answer:

Photosynthesis converts carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose.  Cellular respiration converts oxygen and glucose into water and carbon dioxide. Water and carbon dioxide are by- products and ATP is energy that is transformed from the process.

Which of the following explains why the son has red hair when both of his parents have brown hair?


Mendel’s Law of Segregation


Mendel’s Law of Dominance


Mendel’s Law of Probabilities


Mendel’s Law of Inheritance

Answers

Answer:

because of their grand parents

What most accurately describes the difference in ATP production between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration

Answers

Answer:

aerobic respiration produces 38ATP per glucose while anaerobic respiration produces 2ATP per glucose

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