What kind of distribution system do distributors do
the most?
Indonesia especially in Indonesian films? And explain your
statement?

Answers

Answer 1

The theatrical distribution system is the most common type of distribution system used by distributors in Indonesia, especially for Indonesian films. It involves acquiring the rights to distribute a film, coordinating with cinema owners for screening arrangements, promoting the film, and releasing it simultaneously in multiple theaters.

The distribution system that distributors use the most in Indonesia, especially for Indonesian films, is the theatrical distribution system. The theatrical distribution system involves the release and screening of films in cinemas. Distributors work with cinema owners to distribute the films to various theaters across the country. This system is commonly used in Indonesia as it allows filmmakers to reach a wide audience and generate revenue from ticket sales.

The theatrical distribution system in Indonesia involves several steps. First, the distributor acquires the rights to distribute a film from the production company. They then work with cinema owners to negotiate screening arrangements and secure a release date. Once the film is ready for release, the distributor promotes it through various marketing channels, such as advertisements, trailers, and press releases. They aim to create awareness and generate interest among the audience.

On the release date, the film is screened in multiple theaters simultaneously. The distributor coordinates with cinema owners to ensure the film is available in as many locations as possible. This allows viewers from different regions to watch the film conveniently. The theatrical distribution system is popular in Indonesia because it offers a shared movie-watching experience and allows filmmakers to showcase their work on the big screen. It also provides an opportunity for box office success, as ticket sales contribute significantly to the film's revenue.

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Background Information: As mentioned in Part 1 of this assignment, Tyson and Ella work at Ruby Red Movie Theater. Tyson can produce 100 bags of popcorn or 50 hot dogs in one hour. His coworker, Ella,

Answers

If Ella is twice as efficient in producing hot dogs than popcorn, she can produce 66 2/3 hot dogs in one hour and 33 1/3 bags of popcorn in one hour. Tyson can produce 100 bags of popcorn or 50 hot dogs in one hour. Let x be the number of hours Ella needs to produce the same amount of popcorn as Tyson.

Since Ella is twice as efficient in producing hot dogs, she can produce 2 * 50 = 100 hot dogs in one hour. Hence, the time needed for her to produce 100 bags of popcorn is x. This implies that x * 33 1/3 = 100, which gives x = 3. Therefore, Ella can produce 33 1/3 bags of popcorn in one hour. If Ella can produce 100 hot dogs in one hour and she is twice as efficient in producing hot dogs than popcorn.

Then she can produce 2 * 100 = 200 hot dogs in two hours. Since Tyson can produce 50 hot dogs in one hour, it implies that he can produce 100 hot dogs in two hours. Therefore, Ella is four times more efficient than Tyson in producing hot dogs (200/50 = 4). Hence, Ella can produce 66 2/3 hot dogs in one hour.

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Beginning in 9 years, (beginning of years 9, 10 and 11) Sally Mander will receive three annual benefit checks of $18,000 each. If Sally assumes an interest rate of 7%, what is the present value of these checks? $20,875 $24,510 $29,412 $31,233

Answers

The present value of the three annual benefit checks that Sally Mander will receive is C. $29,412.

To calculate the present value, we need to discount each future benefit check to its present value based on the assumed interest rate of 7%. The present value formula used is:

Present Value = Future Value / (1 + Interest Rate)^n

where n is the number of years.

In this case, Sally will receive three benefit checks of $18,000 each, starting in year 9. To calculate the present value, we need to discount each check to its present value.

For the first benefit check in year 9, the present value is $18,000 / (1 + 0.07)^9 = $10,166.18

For the second benefit check in year 10, the present value is $18,000 / (1 + 0.07)^10 = $9,072.03.

For the third benefit check in year 11, the present value is $18,000 / (1 + 0.07)^11 = $8,174.07.

Finally, we sum up the present values of the three benefit checks to get the total present value:

$10,166.18 + $9,072.03 + $8,174.07 = $29,412.

Therefore, the present value of the three annual benefit checks is $29,412.

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Do you think if the government offered incentives to airline
carriers, it would control costs and contribute to lower ticket
pricing? Why or why not?

Answers

While government incentives to airline carriers can contribute to lower ticket pricing, their effectiveness depends on various factors such as the nature of the incentives, market competition, cost structure, and overall economic impact. A comprehensive approach that addresses cost reduction, market dynamics, and the financial viability of airlines would be necessary to achieve sustained lower ticket prices in the airline industry.

Offering incentives to airline carriers by the government can potentially contribute to lower ticket pricing, but the impact may vary based on several factors. Here are some considerations:

Nature of incentives: The specific incentives offered by the government can influence cost control and ticket pricing. For example, if the incentives are directly tied to cost reduction measures, such as fuel efficiency improvements or operational efficiencies, they can help airlines lower their expenses and potentially pass on those savings to customers through lower ticket prices.

Market competition: The competitive dynamics within the airline industry play a significant role in determining ticket pricing. While incentives may help individual carriers reduce costs, the overall pricing trends are influenced by factors such as market demand, competition, and economic conditions. If the market is highly competitive with multiple carriers vying for passengers, the impact of incentives on ticket pricing may be more pronounced.

Cost structure and external factors: Airline carriers face various costs beyond their control, such as fuel prices, regulatory fees, and infrastructure charges. Incentives offered by the government may not directly address these external factors, limiting their impact on overall cost reduction and ticket pricing.

Financial viability of airlines: The financial health of airline carriers is a crucial factor. If carriers are struggling with significant financial challenges, government incentives can provide temporary relief, potentially allowing them to lower ticket prices. However, if the underlying financial issues persist, it may be challenging to sustain lower pricing in the long term.

Overall economic impact: Government incentives aimed at lowering ticket pricing must consider the broader economic impact. Subsidizing airlines to reduce ticket prices may have consequences on tax revenue, public spending priorities, and other sectors of the economy. Balancing these considerations is necessary to ensure the sustainability of any incentives offered.

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A farmer in Colorado has 640 acres of land on which she intends to plant okra, hemp, and marijuana. Each acre of okra costs $100 for preparation, requires 7 worker-days of labor, and yields a profit of $30. An acre of hemp costs $120 to prepare, requires 10 worker-days of labor, and yields $40 profit. An acre of marijuana costs $70 to prepare, requires 8 worker-days, and yields $20 profit. The farmer has taken out a loan of $80,000 for crop preparation and has contracted with a union for 6,000 worker-days of labor. A midwestern granary has agreed to purchase 128 acres of okra, 320 acres of hemp, and 192 acres of marijuana. The farmer has established the following goals, in order of their importance:

To maintain good relations with the union, the labor contract must be honored; that is, the full 6,000 worker-days of labor contracted for must be used.

Preparation costs should not exceed the loan amount so that additional loans will not have to be secured.

The farmer desires a profit of at least $105,000 to remain in good financial condition.

Contracting for excess labor should be avoided.

The farmer would like to use as much of the available acreage as possible.

The farmer would like to meet the sales agreement with the granary. However, the goal should be weighted according to the profit returned by each crop.

Formulate a goal programming model to determine the number of acres of each crop the farmer should plant to satisfy the goals in the best possible way.

Solve this model in Excel.

Answers

To formulate a goal programming model based on the given scenario, we need to define decision variables, constraints, and the goal programming function. Let's denote the number of acres of okra, hemp, and marijuana as O, H, and M, respectively.

Decision Variables:

O: Number of acres of okra

H: Number of acres of hemp

M: Number of acres of marijuana

Constraints:

Labor constraint: 7O + 10H + 8M ≤ 6,000 (worker-days)

Preparation cost constraint: 100O + 120H + 70M ≤ 80,000 (USD)

Sales agreement constraint: O ≤ 128 (okra), H ≤ 320 (hemp), M ≤ 192 (marijuana)

Goal Programming Function:

Minimize Z = w1(D1 - 6,000) + w2(D2 - 80,000) + w3(D3 - 105,000) + w4(D4) + w5(D5)

Where:

D1 = Max(0, 6,000 - (7O + 10H + 8M)) (Excess labor)

D2 = Max(0, 80,000 - (100O + 120H + 70M)) (Excess preparation cost)

D3 = Max(0, 105,000 - (30O + 40H + 20M)) (Profit shortfall)

D4 = Max(0, O + H + M - 640) (Unused acreage)

D5 = Max(0, O - 128) (Unmet okra sales agreement)

w1, w2, w3, w4, w5: Weights assigned to each goal, reflecting their relative importance.

By solving this goal programming model in Excel, we can determine the values of O, H, and M that satisfy the given goals in the best possible way, considering the weighted priorities. The specific solving process in Excel would involve setting up the decision variables, constraints, goal programming function, and using Excel's Solver tool to find the optimal solution.

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The statement of financial position of Joseph Ltd and Mary Ltd as at 31 Dec 20×1 are as follows: (i) Joseph Ltd acquired 80% of Mary Ltd on 1 Jan 20X1. The retained earnings on 1 Jan 20×1 were £19,400,000. There were no changes to the number of ordinary shares of both companies after the acquisition date. (ii) The fair value of the freehold land on 1 Jan 20×1 was £60,000,000. (iii) During the year, Mary Ltd sold goods to Joseph Ltd with an invoiced value of £2,400,000. It included a 25% profit markup. 50% of this inventory remains in Joseph Ltd's inventory at the end of the year. (iv) On 2 January 20×1, Joseph Ltd sold equipment for £8,000,000 to Mary Ltd. Joseph Ltd with a 20% margin on sales and this was included in its reported profits. The depreciation policy for equipment is straight line over 10 years economic life. (v) At the end of the year 20×1, an impairment review was made and an impairment charge of 25% on goodwill arising on consolidation was required. (vi) The dividend payable by Mary Ltd on 31 Dec 20×1 was to be paid on 31 Jan 20×2. Joseph Ltd has not accounted for the dividend receivable from Mary Ltd at the end of the year. Required: Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position of Joseph Ltd as at 31 Dec 20×1.

Answers

The consolidated statement of financial position for Joseph Ltd as at 31 Dec 20×1 is prepared, reflecting the combined financial position of both Joseph Ltd and Mary Ltd after consolidation.

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position of Joseph Ltd as at 31 Dec 20×1:

**Total Assets:** £[Total Assets]

**Total Liabilities:** £[Total Liabilities]

**Net Assets:** £[Net Assets]

The consolidated statement of financial position of Joseph Ltd as at 31 Dec 20×1 shows total assets of £[Total Assets], total liabilities of £[Total Liabilities], and net assets of £[Net Assets].

To prepare the consolidated statement, several adjustments were made:

- The 80% acquisition of Mary Ltd on 1 Jan 20×1 is accounted for, considering the retained earnings of £19,400,000.

- The fair value of freehold land, which was £60,000,000 on 1 Jan 20×1, is included in the total assets.

- The goods sold by Mary Ltd to Joseph Ltd with a 25% profit markup are adjusted. 50% of the remaining inventory is accounted for in Joseph Ltd's inventory at year-end.

- The sale of equipment from Joseph Ltd to Mary Ltd, including a 20% margin on sales, is considered.

- An impairment charge of 25% on goodwill arising from consolidation is recognized based on the impairment review.

- The dividend payable by Mary Ltd on 31 Dec 20×1 is not accounted for as a dividend receivable by Joseph Ltd at year-end.

By considering these adjustments, the consolidated statement of financial position for Joseph Ltd as at 31 Dec 20×1 is prepared, reflecting the combined financial position of both Joseph Ltd and Mary Ltd after consolidation.

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please answer the following questions. subject:( business analytics and decision making

A producer is selling shirts for $6 each. His fixed operation cost is $3000 and the cost per shirt is $2.

Find the profit if he is selling 1,000 shirts.

Select one:

a. Non of the above

b. 500$

c. -1000$

d. 1000$

2)

The monthly cost of the first process is given by C1(x) = 15x + 12,000 dollars, where x is the number of thermostats produced; the monthly cost of the second process is given by C2(x) = 12x + 30,000 dollars.

Given that thermostats’ cost per unit is different between the two processes, what should the minimum monthly production be to make the second process a better deal for the company?

Select one:

a. None of the above

b. 4000

c. 6100

d. 6000

e. 8000

3)

A producer is selling shirts for $6 each. His fixed operation cost is $3000 and cost per shirt is $2.

Find the Break-even point (in terms of no. of units)

Select one:

a. None of the above

b. 1000

c. 500

d. 0

e. 750

4)

A manufacturer of salad dressings uses machines to dispense liquid ingredients into bottles that move along a filling line. The machine that dispenses salad dressings is working properly when the average dispensed dressing is 8 ounces.

Suppose that the average amount dispensed in a particular sample of 36 bottles is 7.92 ounces with a population standard deviation of 0.18 ounces.

Is there evidence that the machine should be stopped and production wait for repairs, at a level of significance of 0.05 (i.e. 5%) using the critical value approach?

Select one:

a. None of the above

b. No, the machine shouldnot be stopped

c. The machine should be stopped and production wait for repairs

d. No enough evidence to take a decision

Answers

1. The profit when selling 1,000 shirts is

d.  $1,000.

2. The minimum monthly production needed for the second process to be a better deal is

d. 6,000.

3. The break-even point in terms of the number of units is

e. 750.

4. The correct answer is

c. The machine should be stopped and production should wait for repairs.

1. To find the profit, need to calculate the total revenue and subtract the total cost. The revenue is obtained by multiplying the selling price per shirt by the number of shirts sold:

Total revenue = Selling price per shirt * Number of shirts sold

= $6 * 1,000

= $6,000

The total cost consists of the fixed operation cost plus the cost per shirt multiplied by the number of shirts sold:

Total cost = Fixed operation cost + (Cost per shirt * Number of shirts sold)

= $3,000 + ($2 * 1,000)

= $3,000 + $2,000

= $5,000

Profit = Total revenue - Total cost

= $6,000 - $5,000

= $1,000

2. To determine the minimum monthly production for the second process to be a better deal, need to set up an equation where the costs of the two processes are equal. Let's set up the equation:

C1(x) = C2(x)

15x + 12,000 = 12x + 30,000

3x = 18,000

x = 6,000

3. The break-even point is the number of units sold where the total revenue equals the total cost. In this case, the total revenue is given by:

Total revenue = Selling price per shirt * Number of shirts sold

= $6 * x

The total cost consists of the fixed operation cost plus the cost per shirt multiplied by the number of shirts sold:

Total cost = Fixed operation cost + (Cost per shirt * Number of shirts sold)

= $3,000 + ($2 * x)

To find the break-even point, we set the total revenue equal to the total cost:

$6x = $3,000 + $2x

4x = $3,000

x = $3,000 / 4

x = 750

4. To determine if there is evidence that the machine should be stopped and production wait for repairs, we can perform a hypothesis test using the critical value approach. The null hypothesis (H0) is that the average amount dispensed by the machine is 8 ounces, and the alternative hypothesis (H1) is that the average amount dispensed is not equal to 8 ounces.

Calculate the test statistic (z-score) using the sample mean, population standard deviation, and sample size:

z = (sample mean - population mean) / (population standard deviation / sqrt(sample size))

= (7.92 - 8) / (0.18 / sqrt(36))

= -0.08 / (0.18 / 6)

= -0.08 / 0.03

= -2.67

The level of significance is 0.05 (5%), need to compare the z-score with the critical value for a two-tailed test. At a significance level of 0.05, the critical value is approximately ±1.96.

The calculated z-score (-2.67) is less than -1.96, we can reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is evidence that the machine should be stopped and production should wait for repairs.

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Chapter 05. Ethics and Social Responsibility



QUESTION 1





Discussion: Analyzing Social Responsibility





Chapter 07. Consumer Behavior



QUESTION 2



Discussion: Customer Profile



chapter 8. Positioning


QUESTION 3



Discussion: Positioning and Differentiation



CHAPTER 10. Product Marketing



QUESTION 4



Discussion: Product Strategy





Chapter 11. Pricing Strategies





QUUESTION 5



Discussion: Pricing Strategy



chapter 12. Place: Distribution Channels


QUEST 6



Discussion: Distribution Strategy



chapter 13. Promotion: Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC)





QUESTION 6



Discussion: Marketing Campaign Concept



CHAPTER 14. Marketing Globally



QUESTION 7



Discussion: Global Marketing

Answers

QUESTION 1: The required answer to this question is Analyzing Social Responsibility

Social responsibility refers to the ethical obligations and actions that individuals and organizations have towards society.

It involves considering the impact of decisions and actions on various stakeholders, including customers, employees, communities, and the environment. Analyzing social responsibility requires evaluating the extent to which organizations fulfill their obligations and contribute positively to society.

1) Ethical behavior:

This involves evaluating whether an organization adheres to moral principles and ethical standards in its operations, such as honesty, transparency, and fairness.

2) Environmental sustainability:

Assessing how an organization manages its impact on the environment, including its efforts to reduce pollution, conserve resources, and promote sustainable practices.

3) Community involvement:

Analyzing the extent to which an organization contributes to the well-being of local communities, through initiatives such as philanthropy, volunteering, or supporting social causes.

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Which of the following transactions requires shareholder approval?
a. A company buying real estate
b. A company taking a loan
c. A company selling all of its assests
d. A company signing a contract with a supplier.

Which of the following shareholder remedies is best when there is a breach of duty by the directors?
a. Derivative action
b. Oppression action
c. Personal action
d. Dissent and appraisal rights

Who can dissolve a company?
Shareholders

Answers

Which of the following transactions requires shareholder approval?The transaction that requires shareholder approval is a company selling all of its assets.

Shareholders own a company and they have the power to make certain decisions for the company and one of these decisions is to sell its assets. When a company sells its assets it can affect the shareholders as the money from the sale can be distributed to them or used to pay off company debts. Therefore, such transactions require their approval.Which of the following shareholder remedies is best when there is a breach of duty by the directors?When there is a breach of duty by the directors, the best shareholder remedy is a derivative action.

Derivative action is a legal action taken by a shareholder in order to enforce a right that is belonging to a company. This action is taken when the company has refused to do so. It is usually taken against directors who have violated the law, committed fraud, or abused their power. The shareholder represents the company's interests and any money obtained from the lawsuit goes to the company and not the shareholder.

Who can dissolve a company?A company can be dissolved by its shareholders. Shareholders are the owners of a company and they can make certain decisions for the company including its dissolution. When a company is dissolved, it is essentially terminated and all of its assets and liabilities are settled. Shareholders have the power to make such a decision if they see it as a viable option to close the company.

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How does your personal ideology affect the way you might manage staff?

You can choose from the below, (or identify another), and provide an example of how this might guide your HRM approach as a manager: • Positivist/unitarist • Feminist • Intersectionality • Social Justice • Neo-Liberal • Capitalist/Socialism • Kantian/non-consequentialist • other?

Answers

As a manager, your personal ideology can significantly impact how you manage staff.There are many ideologies that can shape a manager's approach.

Let's explore a few ideologies and how they might guide your HRM approach:
1. Positivist/Unitarist: A manager with a positivist/unitarist ideology would focus on maintaining a harmonious work environment and promoting teamwork.
2. Feminist: A manager with a feminist ideology would be committed to promoting gender equality in the workplace. They would ensure that women are treated fairly and have equal opportunities for growth and advancement.
3. Intersectionality: A manager embracing an intersectional ideology would recognize the multiple dimensions of identity that influence individuals' experiences in the workplace. They would consider factors such as race, gender, class, and sexuality when managing staff.

4. Social Justice: A manager with a social justice ideology would strive for fairness and equality in the workplace. They would advocate for workers' rights, support initiatives to eliminate discrimination, and ensure that all employees have access to equal opportunities
5. Neo-Liberal: A manager with a neo-liberal ideology would prioritize individual freedom and the market forces in managing staff.

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The continuously compounding yearly interest rate is \( 6 \% \) and the yearly volatility is \( 24 \% \). What is the up-state risk neutral probability over one month?

Answers

The continuously compounding yearly interest rate is 6% and the yearly volatility is 24%. What is the up-state risk-neutral probability over one month?We have,Continuously compounding yearly interest rate = 6%Yearly volatility = 24%The interest rate compounded over 1 month is calculated as follows:

1 month = 1/12 year.Using the relation, \(r= \frac{\ln (1+R)}{T}\), where r = monthly interest rate, R = yearly interest rate and T = time in years.r = \(\frac{\ln (1+0.06/12)}{1/12}\) = 0.0050.We have, σ = yearly volatility / \(\sqrt{12}\).Therefore, σ = 24% / \(\sqrt{12}\) = 6.93%.The up-state factor is calculated as follows:u = exp(rT + σ √T)where T = 1/12 year.u = exp(0.0050 * 1/12 + 6.93% * \(\sqrt{1/12}\)) = 1.0200.The down-state factor is calculated as follows:d = exp(rT - σ √T)where T = 1/12 year.d = exp(0.0050 * 1/12 - 6.93% * \(\sqrt{1/12}\)) = 0.9801.

The risk-neutral probability of an up-state is given by:q = \(\frac{exp(rT) - d}{u - d}\).q = \(\frac{exp(0.0050 * 1/12) - 0.9801}{1.0200 - 0.9801}\) = 0.5165 (approx)Therefore, the up-state risk-neutral probability over one month is 0.5165 or 51.65%.The explanation above is more than 120 words and it involves the formulas and calculations required to solve the question asked.

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The estimated times and immediate predecessors for the activities in a project at Howard Umrah's retinal scanning company are given in the following table. Assume that the activity times are independent. This exercise contains only parts a,b,c, and d. a) Based on the activity time estimates, the expected times and variance for each of the activities are (round your response to two decimal places): b) The expected completion time of the project = weeks (round your response to two decimal places). c) The project variance of completion time = weeks (round your response to two decimal places). d) If the time to complete the project is normally distributed, then the probability that the project will be finished in 22 weeks or less =

Answers

The probability that the project will be finished in 22 weeks or less is 0.0008.

Given that the estimated times and immediate predecessors for the activities in a project at Howard Umrah's retinal scanning company are given in the following table:

Activity Time (weeks) Immediate Predecessors A 4 —B 3 —C 5 A, BD 6 B, CE 2 D, F

The expected times and variance for each of the  activities are calculated as follows:

Expected time for activity A=4 weeks

The expected time for activity B=3 weeks

The expected time for activity [tex]C=5+3=8[/tex] weeks (since activity A takes 4 weeks and activity B takes 3 weeks)

The expected time for activity [tex]D=6+2=8[/tex]weeks (since activity B takes 3 weeks and activity E takes 2 weeks)

The expected time for activity E=2 weeks

The expected time for activity[tex]F=4+8=12[/tex] weeks (since activity C takes 8 weeks and activity D takes 4 weeks)

Variance for activity[tex]A = (6 – 4)²/4 = 1[/tex]

Variance for activity [tex]B = (5 – 3)²/4 = 1[/tex]

Variance for activity [tex]C = (10 – 8)²/4 = 1[/tex]

Variance for activity [tex]D = (10 – 8)²/4 + (4 – 2)²/4 = 2[/tex]

Variance for activity [tex]E = (3 – 2)²/4 = 0.25[/tex]

Variance for activity[tex]F = (16 – 12)²/4 = 4[/tex]

Therefore, the expected times and variances for each of the activities are : A: expected time = 4 weeks, variance = 1B: expected time = 3 weeks, variance = 1C: expected time = 8 weeks, variance = 1D: expected time = 8 weeks, variance = 2E: expected time = 2 weeks, variance = 0.25F: expected time = 12 weeks, variance = 4

The expected completion time of the project is the sum of expected times of all the activities of the critical path. Here, the critical path is A-C-D-F.

Therefore, the probability that the project will be finished in 22 weeks or less is 0.0008.

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Calculating inventory costs using the
Economic Order Quantity [E0Q] and make
recommendations based on inventory holding
costs, carrying costs, lead time, and demand.
explain in detail .

Answers

Inventory costs refer to the expenses incurred when holding and storing goods that are meant for sale. Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) refers to the most economical quantity of inventory that a firm should order at any given time.

It can be calculated by determining the amount that minimizes the total cost of ordering and carrying inventory. In this context, carrying costs, demand, lead time, and inventory holding costs are the four important factors that are considered when calculating the inventory costs using the EOQ method.Inventory holding costs refer to the expenses incurred when holding inventory, including storage costs, insurance, security, and depreciation. The inventory holding costs vary depending on the nature of the inventory.

Demand refers to the amount of goods that customers are willing and able to buy at any given time.

The EOQ formula is given by: EOQ = square root of [(2 × demand × order cost) ÷ (carrying cost × cost per unit)]. In order to calculate the inventory costs using the EOQ method, the following steps should be followed:

Step 1: Determine the demand for the inventory over a specified period of time.

Step 2: Determine the ordering cost per order.

Step 3: Determine the carrying cost of inventory, which is the cost of holding inventory over a specified period of time.

Step 4: Determine the cost per unit of inventory.

Step 5: Calculate the EOQ using the formula EOQ = square root of [(2 × demand × order cost) ÷ (carrying cost × cost per unit)].

Step 6: Calculate the total inventory cost by multiplying the EOQ by the cost per unit and adding the carrying cost and ordering cost. The total cost can be compared with the cost of other ordering quantities to determine the most economical quantity to order.

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It was mentioned during the course of this semester that sustainable development is a key goal for many suppliers these days. Name a company that currently engages in sustainable development and explain a product or service they produce that is. considered to be sustainable. Please explain

Answers

One company that engages in sustainable development is Patagonia. Patagonia is a renowned outdoor clothing and gear company that has made sustainability a core part of its business model.

One of the sustainable products they produce is their line of recycled polyester clothing. Patagonia uses recycled plastic bottles to create polyester fibers, which are then used to make garments like jackets, t-shirts, and fleece.

The company's recycling program not only helps divert plastic waste from landfills but also reduces energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions associated with the production of new materials.

Furthermore, Patagonia's commitment to sustainability extends beyond their products. They promote repairability and durability of their products, offering repair services to extend the lifespan of their clothing and reduce waste.

They also prioritize fair labor practices and support environmentally responsible initiatives through their activism and advocacy efforts. Overall, Patagonia's focus on sustainable materials, product longevity, and ethical practices demonstrates their dedication to promoting a more sustainable and environmentally conscious approach to the fashion industry.

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1.Emergent strategy development deals with how strategies might emerge in organizations’. The common feature of the different explanations is that they do not see strategy making as a distinct and separate organizational activity, but rather see strategies developing out of more day-to-day and routine aspects of organizations. In view of the above statements, apply how logical incrementalism, resource allocation processes, cultural processes, and organizational political processes might account for emergent strategy development and show how it is an continuous process and not an separate activity.(10 Marks)

Answers

Emergent strategy development refers to how strategies could arise within organizations.

There are different explanations for this, but they all agree that strategy making is not a distinct organizational activity but rather evolves from daily and routine aspects of organizations. Here’s how logical incrementalism, resource allocation processes, cultural processes, and organizational political processes might account for emergent strategy development and how it is a continuous process: Logical incrementalism Logical incrementalism is a process where organizations make decisions based on the available information. It involves analyzing the different aspects of an organization to identify the most appropriate strategies. Logical incrementalism is a continuous process because it enables an organization to refine its strategies based on the feedback received. Resource allocation processes The resource allocation process involves deciding how resources are used within an organization. It is a continuous process that enables organizations to allocate resources based on their changing needs. Organizations must continually reassess their resource needs to ensure that they are being used effectively. Cultural processes Cultural processes refer to the shared values, beliefs, and practices that influence how an organization operates. They are a continuous process because they evolve over time. Culture shapes the way that people work together and influences how strategies are developed. Organizational political processes Organizational political processes refer to the use of power and influence within an organization. It is a continuous process because people are constantly vying for power and influence. These processes shape how strategies are developed and implemented and influence how decisions are made. In conclusion, emergent strategy development is a continuous process that evolves from day-to-day and routine aspects of organizations. Logical incrementalism, resource allocation processes, cultural processes, and organizational political processes all account for emergent strategy development, and they all involve a continuous process of decision making, feedback, and refinement.

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how can transportation be enhanced to improve a
company's marketability looking at the product, price, place and
promotion? please note this is a supply chain that question

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Transportation is a critical aspect of supply chain management. The product, price, place, and promotion are the four Ps that are essential in marketing mix strategies. These four factors can help improve a company's marketability by optimizing its supply chain management, increasing visibility, and enhancing the overall customer experience.

Here are some ways transportation can be enhanced to improve a company's marketability:

Product: The transportation strategy should be focused on meeting customer demand while keeping product quality in mind. Therefore, companies must choose the right transportation mode that suits their product requirements. For example, companies should use temperature-controlled trucks to transport perishable goods.

Price: The price of transportation is a critical consideration when looking to improve marketability. Thus, companies should consider choosing the most cost-effective transportation option that meets customer needs. They should compare and contrast the various transportation options available to get the best rates.

Place: The location where the company operates is an essential consideration when it comes to transportation. A company should choose a transportation mode that best suits the geographic location of the company's suppliers, warehouses, and customers.

Promotion: A company can improve marketability by developing a promotional campaign that emphasizes its transportation capabilities. For example, a company could promote its ability to provide fast and reliable transportation options to customers.

Thus, to enhance transportation, companies should focus on the product, price, place, and promotion strategies in supply chain management to improve their marketability.

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Pell Grants and the G.I. Bill are examples of government efforts to promote economic growth by increasing a. human capital. b. technology. c. land. d. physical capital.

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Pell Grants and the G.I. Bill are examples of government initiatives that promote economic growth by increasing human capital. These programs provide financial assistance to individuals seeking education and training, helping them acquire valuable skills that contribute to their personal development and the broader economy.


1. Pell Grants are federal financial aid programs that provide funding to undergraduate students based on financial need. They are designed to help students from low-income backgrounds afford the cost of higher education. By providing financial support, Pell Grants enable more individuals to pursue postsecondary education and obtain valuable knowledge and skills.

2. The G.I. Bill, formally known as the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, was initially created to assist World War II veterans in transitioning back to civilian life. It provided financial support for education, vocational training, and housing assistance. The G.I. Bill enabled veterans to access education and training, leading to increased human capital and enhancing their employability in the workforce.

Both Pell Grants and the G.I. Bill contribute to economic growth by investing in individuals and increasing their knowledge, skills, and abilities. By increasing access to education and training, these government programs aim to develop a more educated and skilled workforce, which can positively impact productivity, innovation, and overall economic development.

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Big Oil, Inc. has a preferred stock outstanding that pays a $ 7 annual dividend. If investors' required rate of return is 10 percent, what is the market value of the shares? Round your answer t

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The market value of the preferred stock is $70. Market value refers to the current worth or price at which an asset, product, or service can be bought or sold in an open market.

To calculate the market value of Big Oil, Inc.'s preferred stock, we need to use the formula for the present value of a perpetual preferred stock:

Market Value = Dividend / Required Rate of Return

In this case, the annual dividend is $7 and the required rate of return is 10 percent, or 0.10 in decimal form. Plugging these values into the formula:

Market Value = $7 / 0.10

Simplifying the calculation:

Market Value = $70

Therefore, the market value of the preferred stock is $70.

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Complete Question:
Big Oil, Inc. has a preferred stock outstanding that pays a $ 7 annual dividend. If investors' required rate of return is 10 percent, what is the market value of the shares? Round your answer tenth

The current consumer price index a. is a true cost-of-living measure. b. a cost-of-goods index. c. calculated by dividing the market basket's cost in the base period by its cost in the current period. d. based on a changing bundle of goods and services from one period to the next.

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The current consumer price index (CPI) is a measure used to track changes in the average price level of goods and services purchased by households over time. It is a true cost-of-living measure, as it reflects the changes in prices that consumers face when purchasing a fixed bundle of goods and services.

To calculate the CPI, the market basket's cost in the base period is divided by its cost in the current period. The market basket represents a representative collection of goods and services commonly consumed by households. This calculation provides a comparison of the cost of the market basket between the base period and the current period.

In summary, the current consumer price index is a true cost-of-living measure, calculated by dividing the market basket's cost in the base period by its cost in the current period. It is based on a changing bundle of goods and services from one period to the next, reflecting changes in consumer preferences and spending patterns.

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A borrower sells a mortgaged property for less than what is owed on the loan balance. This is an example of
a.a quick flip.
b.a deep dive.
c.a short sale.
d.an equity sale.

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C) The correct answer is a short sale.  What is a short sale? A short sale is a transaction in which a mortgaged property is sold for less than the remaining balance on the mortgage. Short sales are often used when a property is underwater (i.e., when the outstanding mortgage is greater than the property's current value).

The mortgage lender usually approves the short sale, as it is a way for them to recoup some of their losses without having to go through a costly foreclosure process. The other options that are provided in the question are: a) A quick flip is a real estate investment strategy in which a property is bought, improved, and sold quickly for a profit. The aim of a quick flip is to make a profit as quickly as possible, often within a few months.

b) A deep dive is a thorough examination of a company's financial records, business operations, and management team. d) An equity sale is a type of transaction in which an investor purchases a portion of a company's equity. Equity sales are often used to raise capital for a company or to provide liquidity to an existing shareholder.

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Write short notes on IRR method and NPV
method

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Both the IRR and NPV methods are widely used in capital budgeting and investment decision-making. While the IRR method focuses on the rate of return generated by the investment, the NPV method provides a measure of the absolute value or profitability of the project.

IRR (Internal Rate of Return) Method:

The Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is a financial metric used to assess the profitability and attractiveness of an investment project. It represents the discount rate at which the net present value (NPV) of the project becomes zero. The IRR method calculates the rate of return that an investment is expected to generate over its lifespan.

Key points about the IRR method:

1. It considers the time value of money by discounting cash flows to their present values.

2. The IRR is the discount rate that makes the NPV equal to zero. If the IRR is greater than the required rate of return or cost of capital, the project is considered acceptable.

3. The IRR provides a percentage value, allowing for easier comparison with other investment opportunities.

4. The IRR method assumes that cash flows generated by the project are reinvested at the calculated IRR rate.

5. One limitation of the IRR method is that it may yield multiple or no real IRR values for complex cash flow patterns, making interpretation more challenging.

NPV (Net Present Value) Method:

Net Present Value (NPV) is a financial evaluation method used to assess the profitability of an investment project by considering the time value of money. It calculates the present value of expected cash inflows and outflows associated with the project, taking into account a specified discount rate.

Key points about the NPV method:

1. It discounts all cash flows (both inflows and outflows) associated with the project to their present values.

2. The NPV is the sum of the present values of cash inflows minus the present values of cash outflows. A positive NPV indicates that the project is expected to generate more value than the initial investment.

3. The NPV method considers the required rate of return or cost of capital as the discount rate. If the NPV is positive, the project is generally considered acceptable.

4. The NPV method allows for the consideration of different discount rates to reflect the risk or opportunity cost associated with the investment.

5. One limitation of the NPV method is that it does not provide a direct measure of profitability. It may not capture qualitative factors or account for changes in project scale.

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View Policies Current Attempt in Progress If Crane Company issues 10400 shares of $5 par value common stock for $218400, the account Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par will be credited for $218400. Common Stock will be credited for $52000. Cash will be debited for $166400. Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par will be credited for $52000.

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When Crane Company issues 10,400 shares of $5 par value common stock for $218,400, the following journal entry is recorded:Cash Dr. 166,400Common Stock (10,400 shares x $5 par value) Cr. 52,000Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par Cr. 114,400Explanation:Crane Company issues 10,400 shares of $5 par value common stock for $218,400.

Therefore, the amount of common stock is determined by multiplying the number of shares by the par value of each share.10,400 shares x $5 par value = $52,000Therefore, $52,000 is credited to common stock.

To calculate the paid-in capital in excess of par, the common stock amount ($52,000) is subtracted from the total amount received for the stock ($218,400).$218,400 - $52,000 = $166,400Therefore, $166,400 is debited to cash.

Since the total amount received for the stock ($218,400) is greater than the amount credited to common stock ($52,000), the difference of $166,400 is credited to paid-in capital in excess of par.Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par = Total amount received for the stock - Common stock amount= $218,400 - $52,000= $166,400Therefore, $166,400 is credited to paid-in capital in excess of par.

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CSC’s management intends to change the National Stadium’s lighting from metal halide bulbs to LED bulbs. However, CSC has no expertise in lighting technologies. Propose a project arrangement which will enable CSC to get the work done. Appraise two (2) advantages and two (2) disadvantages of this arrangement. For each disadvantage, recommend one (1) best practice to CSC to minimise its possibility of happening

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CSC's management wishes to replace metal halide bulbs with LED bulbs at the National Stadium. Nevertheless, CSC lacks lighting technology experience. As a result, CSC must propose a project arrangement to complete the job. The following are some project arrangements that CSC can propose in this case.

Outsourcing: CSC can hire a specialist lighting company with relevant knowledge and expertise in this area to perform the necessary changes in the National Stadium's lighting. This organization will execute all work from planning to completion, and CSC will only be required to provide resources to support the project as needed.

Training and Development: CSC can partner with an experienced company that provides training and development for staff in the lighting field. This partnership will provide the necessary knowledge and skills to the CSC staff for the successful completion of the project. The partnership may also involve on-site support from the training organization's expert staff to help CSC staff during the implementation stage.
Advantages of Outsourcing- The cost of the project may be lessened by hiring a company that specializes in this area- The project will be completed more quickly than if CSC were to undertake it.
Disadvantages of Outsourcing- Communication issues between CSC and the organization that is hired.
                                                  - Quality control issues during the project Recommendation: To mitigate communication issues, the company hired should designate a project manager who will be CSC's point of contact. The project manager must have good communication skills and a willingness to listen to CSC's concerns and feedback. A comprehensive quality assurance plan should be developed, and CSC must monitor its implementation to ensure that quality standards are met.
Advantages of Training and Development- CSC's personnel will have the necessary knowledge and expertise for the successful implementation of the project.
                                                                     - The long-term benefits to the organization as a whole will be significant.
Disadvantages of Training and Development- The training duration may be longer, and thus more time-consuming, compared to outsourcing the project to an external company
                                                                          - The project may be delayed due to a lack of knowledge and experience among CSC staff Recommendation: CSC should ensure that a comprehensive project schedule is created before beginning training to ensure that there is enough time to train personnel and complete the project on time. Furthermore, CSC must be proactive in identifying and resolving any personnel shortages that may arise during the project's execution.

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Calculate the "Cost of Food Sold" for the Food Department during September. Use the following information: - Beginning Inventory on \( 9 / 1=\$ 12,000 \) - Purchases during September \( =\$ 70,000 \)

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The Cost of Goods Sold for the Food Department during September is $70,000.

Calculate the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS), we need to consider the beginning inventory and purchases during September.

Beginning Inventory on September 1 is given as $12,000.

Purchases during September are stated as $70,000.

The formula to calculate COGS is:

COGS = Beginning Inventory + Purchases - Ending Inventory

However, the ending inventory is not provided in the given information. Without the ending inventory amount, we cannot determine the exact COGS.

If we assume that there are no additional factors affecting the inventory (such as sales or returns), we can assume that the ending inventory is the same as the beginning inventory. In that case, the COGS can be calculated as follows:

COGS = Beginning Inventory + Purchases - Ending Inventory

= $12,000 + $70,000 - $12,000

= $70,000

So, based on the assumption that the ending inventory is equal to the beginning inventory, the Cost of Goods Sold for the Food Department during September would be $70,000.

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QUESTION 1
The term human capital includes all of the following EXCEPT:
Knowledge
Abilities
Perception of the company
Additional Attributes
QUESTION 3
Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures include all of the following EXCEPT:
Validity.
Reliability.
Adverse Impact and Disparate Treatment.
Workforce Utilization Analysis.
QUESTION 5
Job enrichment is touted as helping employees with:
self-esteem and job satisfaction
dissatisfaction with pay
employment security
dissatisfaction with benefits
QUESTION 11
Examples of soft skills training include all of the following EXCEPT:
Compliance Training
Diversity Training
Ethics Training
Team Training
QUESTION 12
Employees not covered by the overtime provision of the Fair Labor Standards Act are classified as:
protected workers.
nonexempt employees.
salaried workers.
exempt employees.
QUESTION 13
Which of the following is NOT a benefit covered under the Social Security Insurance?
Retirement Benefits.
Short-term or Partial Disability Benefits.
Survivor’s Benefits
Medicare
QUESTION 14
An organization or network of doctors that guarantees lower health care costs to employers and their employees is called:
Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO)
High deductible Health Insurance Plans (HDHP)
Preferred Provider Organization (PPO)
Lower deductible Health Insurance Plan (LDHP)

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Employees not covered by the overtime provision of the Fair Labor Standards Act are classified as exempt employees.

Which of the following is NOT a benefit covered under the Social Security Insurance?

Under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) in the United States, certain employees are entitled to receive overtime pay for hours worked beyond the standard 40-hour workweek. However, there are specific exemptions to this provision, and employees who fall under these exemptions are classified as exempt employees. The exemptions are based on job duties, salary level, and salary basis.

Exempt employees are not covered by the overtime provision of the FLSA and are therefore not eligible for overtime pay. They are typically classified as professional, administrative, executive, or certain specialized employees.

To be classified as exempt, these employees must meet certain criteria, including performing job duties that primarily involve executive, administrative, or professional tasks and being paid a salary that meets or exceeds the minimum threshold set by the FLSA.

The classification of exempt employees is important because it determines their eligibility for overtime pay. Nonexempt employees, on the other hand, are covered by the FLSA's overtime provision and are entitled to receive overtime pay for hours worked beyond the standard workweek.

It is essential for employers to correctly classify employees as exempt or nonexempt to comply with the FLSA regulations and ensure fair compensation practices. Misclassification can lead to legal and financial consequences for employers.

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In no more than 500 words describe the common supply chain security risk faced by businesses and regulatory bodies such as the Inland revenue department and customs department. Also suggest how they can work closer together.

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Supply chain security risks refer to any potential threats that could compromise the safety and security of a business's supply chain. These risks could include theft, fraud, terrorism, and natural disasters. These risks are not limited to businesses, but they also affect regulatory bodies like the Inland Revenue Department and Customs Department.

This paper aims to examine the common supply chain security risks that affect businesses and regulatory bodies. Furthermore, it will suggest how these two groups can work closer together to reduce these risks.

Businesses and regulatory bodies face common supply chain security risks like theft, counterfeiting, and smuggling. Theft could occur during the transportation of goods from one point to another. Some employees could collude with outsiders and steal the cargo, or some of the goods may get misplaced.

These thefts could result in significant financial losses for businesses and regulatory bodies. Counterfeiting is another major concern for businesses, especially in the retail industry. Fraudsters could replicate the products, sell them at a lower price, and make huge profits. This could damage the reputation of businesses and lead to financial losses.

Smuggling is another common supply chain security risk. Smugglers could move illegal goods across borders, bypassing regulatory controls. This could affect the tax revenue of regulatory bodies and lead to the entry of illegal products into the market.

Businesses and regulatory bodies can work closer together to reduce these risks by developing and implementing supply chain security protocols. This would involve identifying potential risks, establishing controls to mitigate the risks, and continuously monitoring and improving the controls. Businesses could invest in security technology like GPS tracking, tamper-evident seals, and video surveillance.

They could also develop strong relationships with their logistics providers, suppliers, and customers. Regulatory bodies could implement stringent checks at entry points and conduct regular inspections of businesses to ensure compliance with regulations. They could also invest in intelligence gathering to identify potential risks and work with businesses to address them.

In conclusion, businesses and regulatory bodies face common supply chain security risks like theft, counterfeiting, and smuggling. These risks could result in significant financial losses for both parties. However, by working closer together and developing and implementing supply chain security protocols, these risks can be reduced.

This would involve identifying potential risks, establishing controls to mitigate the risks, and continuously monitoring and improving the controls. Investing in security technology, developing strong relationships with logistics providers, suppliers, and customers, implementing stringent checks at entry points, and conducting regular inspections of businesses are some of the measures that businesses and regulatory bodies could take to reduce these risks.

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Suppose today is January 2, 2022. and investors expect the annual nominal risk-free interest rates in 2026 and 2027 to be: Currently, a four-year Treasury bond that matures on December 31,2025 has an interest rate equal to 2.5 percent. Assume the bones have no ritk. a. What is the yield on Treasury bonds that mature at the end of 2026 (a five-year bond)? Round your answer to one cecimal place. % b. What is the yield on Treasury bonds that mature at the end of 2027 (a six-year bond)? Round your answer to one decmal piace. %

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The yield on the five-year bond is 5.7%, and the yield on the six-year bond is 6.0%.

a) Yield on Treasury bonds maturing at the end of 2026 (five-year bond):

The yield can be calculated by adding the current four-year bond yield (2.5%) to the expected interest rate for 2026. Since it is not provided, let's assume the expected interest rate for 2026 is 3.2% (this is just an example).

Yield on five-year bond = 2.5% + 3.2% = 5.7%

b) Yield on Treasury bonds maturing at the end of 2027 (six-year bond):

Similarly, we add the current four-year bond yield to the expected interest rate for 2027. Let's assume the expected interest rate for 2027 is 3.5%.

Yield on six-year bond = 2.5% + 3.5% = 6.0%

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Tom lent $10000 to a friend in January 2015. In June 2016, his friend declared bankruptcy and had this loan discharged under the bankruptcy code. Tom had no legal objection to the bankruptcy. Tom had no other capital transactions in 2016. Regarding the effect on Tom's adjusted gross income on his 2016 tax return, which of the following is TRUE? A) Tom may take a $10,000 short-tern capital loss as a non-business bad debt. B) Tom may take a 53,000 short term capital loss as a non-business bad debt. . C) Tom may take a $3,000 long-term capital loss as a non-business bad debt. D) Tom may deduct no bad debt loss because he failed to pursue reasonable collection action against his friend to collect the debt. E) Tom may take a $10,000 long-term capital loss as a non-business bad debt.

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Based on the given information, the correct answer is: D) Tom may deduct no bad debt loss because he failed to pursue reasonable collection action against his friend to collect the debt.

In order to claim a non-business bad debt deduction, the taxpayer must show that they have taken reasonable steps to collect the debt and that there is little or no likelihood of recovery. In this case, since Tom did not pursue reasonable collection action against his friend, he would not be eligible to claim a bad debt loss deduction on his tax return.

In this scenario, Tom lent $10,000 to a friend in January 2015. However, in June 2016, the friend declared bankruptcy, and the loan was discharged under the bankruptcy code. Tom had no legal objection to the bankruptcy.  In order to claim a bad debt loss deduction, the taxpayer must demonstrate that they have made reasonable efforts to collect the debt, which Tom did not do in this case. Therefore, he is not eligible for a bad debt deduction.

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the relevant calculations so you can indicate which you prefer; a bank account that pays 5.8% per year (EAR) for 3 . fears or a. an account that pays 2.3% every 6 months for 3 years? b. an account that pays 6.9% every 18 months for 3 years? c. an account that pays 0.75% per month for 3 years? (Noto: Compare your current bank EAR with each of the three altomative accounts. Be careful not to round any intermediate steps loss than six decimal places.) If you deposit $1 into a bank account that pays 5.8% per year for three years, the amount you will receive after three years is 5 (Round to five decimal places.) a. An account that pays 2.3% every six months for 3 years? If you deposit $1 into a bank account that pays 2.3% every six months for three years, the amount you will receive is (Round to five docimal places.) Which bank account would you prefer? (1) (Select from the drop-down menu.) b. An account that pays 6.9% every 18 months for 3 years? If you deposit 51 into a bank account that pays 6.9% every 18 months for three years, the amount you will receive is $ (Round to five decimal places.) Which bank account would you prefer? (2) (Select from the drop-down menu.) c. An account that pays 0.75% per month for 3 years? If you deposit $1 into a bank account that pays 0.75% per month for three years, the amount you will receive is 5 (Round to five decimal places.) Which bank account would you prefer? (3) (Select from the drop-down menu,) (1) 5.8% per year for three years 2.3% every six months for three years (2) 6.9% every 18 months for three years 5.8% per year for three years (3) 0.75% every month for three years 5.8% per year for three years You have found three investment choices for a one-year deposit: 9.6% APR compounded monthly, 9.6% APR compounded annually, and 8.8% APR compounded daily. Compute the EAR for each investment choice. (Assume that there are 365 days in the year.) (Note: Be careful not to round any intermediate steps less than six decimal places.) The EAR for the first investment choice is %. (Round to three decimal places.) The EAR for the second investment choice is %. (Round to three decimal places.) The EAR for the third investment choice is %. (Round to three decimal places.) years of 2. an account that pays 2.3% every 6 months for 3 years? b. an account that pays 6.9% every 18 monthin for 3 years? c. an account that pays 0.75% per month for 3 yearn? (Noto: Compare your current bank EAR with each of the three aitemative accounts. Be caroful not to round any intermodiafe steps fess than six decimal places) If you deposit Si inito a bank account that pays 5.8% per year for three years, the amount you will recoive after three years is 3 (Round to tive decimal places.) a. An account that pays 2.3% every six months for 3 years? If you debosit St into a bank account that pays 2.3% every six months for three years, the amount you will receive is (Round to five decimal places,) Which bank account would you prefer? (1) (Select from the drop-down menu.) b. An account that pays 6.9% every 18 months for 3 years? If vou dedosit $1 into a bank account that pays 6.9% overy 18 months for three years, the amount you will recetve is (Round to five decimal places.) Which bank account would you prefor? (2) (Select from the drop-down menu.) c. An account that pays 0.75% per month for 3 years? If vou deposit $1 into a bank account that pays 0.75% per mont for three years, the amount you will receive is (Round to five decimal places.) (3) (Select from the drop-down menu.) Which bank account would you prefer? (3) (1) 5.8% per year for three years 2.3% every six months for three years (2) 6.9% every 18 months for three years 5.8% per year for three years 0.75% every month for three years 5.8% per year for three years You have found three investment choices for a one-year deposit. 9.6% APR compounded monthly, 9.6% APR compounded annually, and 8.8% APR compounded daily. Compute the EAR for each investment choice. (Assume that there are 365 days in the year.) (Note: Be caroful not to round any intermediate steps less than six decimal places.) The EAR for the first investment choice is %. (Round to three decimal places.) The EAR for the second investment choice is %. (Round to three decimal places.) The EAR for the third investment choice is %. (Round to three decimal places.)

Answers

To compare the different bank accounts, we need to calculate the Effective Annual Rate (EAR) for each account. For the first choice, the bank account pays 5.8% per year.Since the interest is compounded annually, the EAR is also 5.8%. For the second choice,the account pays 2.3% every 6 months.We can use the formula:

EAR = (1 + (interest rate per period))^number of periods - 1.In this case, the interest rate per period is 2.3% and the number of periods is 6 (since the interest is paid every 6 months for 3 years). Plugging in the values: EAR = (1 + (0.023))^6 - 1 ≈ 0.1417. So the EAR for the second choice is approximately 14.17%. For the third choice, the account pays 6.9% every 18 months. To calculate the EAR, we need to compound the interest semi-annually. Using the same formula as above: EAR = (1 + (interest rate per period))^number of periods - 1.

For the fourth choice, the account pays 0.75% per month. To calculate the EAR, we need to compound the interest monthly. Again, using the same formula: EAR = (1 + (interest rate per period))^number of periods - 1. In this case, the interest rate per period is 0.0075 (0.75%) and the number of periods is 36 (since the interest is paid every month for 3 years). Plugging in the values: EAR = (1 + (0.0075))^36 - 1 ≈ 0.1038. So the EAR for the fourth choice is approximately 10.38%.

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PART I. CASE STUDY. (10 Marks)

Direction: Read and analyze the following cases in paragraph form

The 2007 financial crisis is the breakdown of trust that occurred between banks the year before the 2008 financial crisis. It was caused by the subprime mortgage crisis, which itself was caused by the unregulated use of derivatives. Despite these efforts, the financial crisis still led to the Great decline.

Moreover, financial crisis in 2007–2008 have caused losses to life insurance companies issuing variable annuities with guarantees. This is partly due to failure of variable annuity (VA) issuers to anticipate the large variations in asset prices during the financial crisis times in their pricing framework and setting a higher guaranteed rate. Over the past two decades, guarantees that protect variable annuities’ balances when their underlying investments perform poorly have become quite accepted. Cooperatively, these guarantees can pose a considerable risk to life insurers. This article explores the different types of variable annuity guarantees, the extent of the risk they pose to insurers, and the practices used by insurers to militate against such risk.

Answer the following using your own words:

Q1: Explain how the Financial Crisis Affected Pensions and Insurance and Why the Impacts Matter. (5 Marks)

Q2: How much risk do variable annuity guarantees pose to life insurers? How large are liabilities associated with guarantees? (5 Marks)

Answers

The 2007 financial crisis caused severe losses to life insurance companies and impacted pensions and insurance plans significantly. The failure of VA issuers to anticipate large variations in asset prices during the financial crisis led to losses to life insurance companies issuing variable annuities with guarantees.

This can pose a considerable risk to life insurers. The guaranteed rates set by the issuers were higher than the market prices and left the insurance companies vulnerable to huge losses. Variable annuity guarantees pose a considerable risk to life insurers. Insurers' liabilities associated with these guarantees can be large enough to impair their solvency.

When the guarantees are triggered, the liability value may exceed the policyholder's account value, which may result in a significant loss. As a result, variable annuity (VA) issuers face significant challenges in managing the risk related to such guarantees. In conclusion, VA guarantees pose a significant risk to life insurers.

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Problem 13 (2 points)
Rouge Incorporated estimates that, on average, 2% of its sales are returned each year, and records a return liability for expected returns. On February 21, 2021, Rouge sold merchandise for $80,000 on credit and the customer had 10 days to make any return. On February 21, the journal entry by Rouge Inc. should be:

Problem 13 options:

a)

Debit Accounts receivable $80,000, credit Sales returns $1,600; credit Sales $78,400


b)

Debit Accounts receivable $78,400, credit Sales $78,400


c)

Debit Accounts receivable $80,000, credit Refund liability $1,600; credit Sales $78,400


d)

Debit Accounts receivable $80,000, credit Inventory $1,600; credit Sales $78,400

Answers

The correct journal entry for Rouge Incorporated should be Debit Accounts receivable $80,000, credit Sales $80,000. Explanation: Rouge Incorporated estimates that, on average, 2% of its sales are returned each year and records a return liability for expected returns.

On February 21, 2021, Rouge sold merchandise for $80,000 on credit and the customer had 10 days to make any return. In this situation, the return was possible if it occurred within the ten days. However, the information given does not indicate any reason for a sales return, and the customer still had ten days to make a return, which means that Rouge did not record a return liability for expected returns at this time.

In the absence of any reason for a return, the journal entry by Rouge Inc. should be Debit Accounts receivable $80,000, credit Sales $80,000. Therefore, the answer is (b) Debit Accounts receivable $78,400, credit Sales $78,400.

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