Answer:
- Proprioception
- Magnetoreception
- Nociception
The following are the extra senses that vertebrates may have:
Magnetoreception. Proprioception.Nociception.Thus, the correct options are A, B, and D.
What is Vertebrate?Vertebrates may be defined as those groups of animals that possess a backbone or spinal column. It includes mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes.
Magnetoreception is a sense that allows the organisms to detect the senses of the Earth's magnetic field and responds to it. Proprioception may be defined as a sort of sense that allows your body abilities to sense movement, action, and location.
Nociception may completely depend on the sensory nervous system that process in response to encoding noxious stimuli.
Therefore, the correct options for this question are A, B, and D.
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what evidence shows that biological molecules on earth form naturally?
Explanation:
La siguiente entrada tiene como objetivo realizar una breve explicación sobre las moléculas biológicas lipídos y carbohidratos, las cuales son muy diversas ya que están formadas por carbono, lo cual hace que puedan formar muchos tipos de enlaces. Esta capacidad permite que las moléculas orgánicas adopten muchas formas complejas, como son las cadenas, las ramificaciones y los anillos.
Las moléculas biológicas son grandes polímeros que sintetizas para poder enlazarse con otras subunidades mucho mas pequeñas conocidos como monómeros. Las cadenas de subunidades estan unidas por enlaces covalentes los cuales se forman por deshidratación, estas cadenas pueden romperse por hidrólisis. La moléculas biologicas más importantes son los carbohidratos, lípidos, proteínas y ácidos nucleicos.
Name one component of the digestive system that performs mechanical digestion and describe how
it contributes to acquiring nutrients from food.
Answer:
The stomach and the teeth both perform mechanical digestion, which is physically (as opposed to chemically) breaking the food into smaller components. This exposes a larger surface area for chemical digestion and release of nutrients. The teeth are vital to mastication, which breaks large bites of food down into smaller pieces that are easily swallowed. The stomach’s muscle contractions churn the food to expose all particles to the acid and digestive enzymes..
what term is used to describe the state in which molecules are evenly distributed in the available space
How are human affiliative and aggressive behaviors different from what is seen in nonhuman primates? Provide specific examples.
Answer:
Humans are less aggressive as compared to non-human primates.
Explanation:
Human affiliative and aggressive behaviors are different from nonhuman primates because humans do more friendly and peaceful acts and are less aggressive in anger as compared to non-human primates which are less friendly and more aggressive in anger. Due to more aggressive behaviour of non-human primates causes more damaged to other animals and humans as compared to humans who is less damaging and aggressive.
In the oceans on either side of the Isthmus of Panama are 30 species of snapping shrimp, 15 species on the Pacific side and 15 different species on the Atlantic side. Species live at different water depths. Morphological and genetic data show that Atlantic and Pacific species that live at similar depths are sister species. The sister species on each side of the isthmus cannot interbreed because the water in the canal is fresh water, not salt water, and provides a barrier to reproduction. A sea-level, salt-water canal between the two oceans has been proposed to make transport across the isthmus easier. Which of the following outcomes is the most likely result if such a canal were built?
A. greater percentage of difference in DNA sequences between sister species that inhabit deep water than between sister species that inhabt stalow water
B. greater percentage of difference in DNA sequences between sister species that inhabit shallow water than between sister species that inhabit deep water
C. similar percentages of difference in DNA sequences between all pairs of sister species
D. greater percentage of difference in DNA sequences between Atlantic species than between Pacific species
Answer:
The options of this question are wrong, you can find the correct options by navigating on the web. The options of this question are as follow:
1) The sister species will continue to diverge from each other.
2) None of the sister species will interbreed with each other.
3) The Atlantic and Pacific shrimp will continue to live in their respective oceans and not enter the new canal.
4) Shallow-water species from the two oceans that are sister species would be more likely to interbreed with each other than would be deep-water species.
Answer:
4) Shallow-water species from the two oceans that are sister species would be more likely to interbreed with each other than would be deep-water species
Explanation:
In evolutionary biology, sister species are defined as descendant species formed when one species splits during the course of evolution. Moreover, adaptation refers to the evolutionary process of adjustment of organisms to the environment, which is usually due to natural selection. During the course of evolution, organisms under different environments must change to adapt to their environments. In this case, it is expected that sister species that live in similar environmental conditions (i.e., shallow-water species) exhibit fewer phenotypic differences, being therefore more likely to interbreed with each other.
M. magneticum can only survive in low-oxygen environments, which are typically found near the bottom of bodies of water.
a. True
b. False
Imagine you found S. aureus to be resistant to Penicillin by Kirby Bauer analysis, but susceptible to Penicillin treatment in liquid culture (in other words, a MIC was determined). Which of the following are possible explanations for this inconsistency?
a. The concentration of Penicillin was higher in the Penicillin antibiotic disk than that used in liquid culture treatment.
b. The Penicillin disks used for Kirby Bauer analysis were expired/no longer active.
c. The concentration of bacteria was lower on the Mueller Hinton plate for Kirby Bauer analysis than that used in liquid culture treatment
What variable did the experimenter change (independent variable), and what variable did the experimenter observe (dependent variable)?
Answer:
An independent variable can be controlled by the experimenter to observe it's affect on dependent variable which cannot be changed manually. Rather the dependent variable changes due to the effect of independent variable.
Answer:
The experimenter changed the carbon dioxide concentrations in the two flasks and observed the temperature change over time.
Explanation:
plato answer
hey everyone,what is greenhouse effect
Answer:
The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth's surface.
When the Sun's energy reaches the Earth's atmosphere, some of it is reflected back to space and the rest is absorbed and re-radiated by greenhouse gases.
The absorbed energy warms the atmosphere and the surface of the Earth causing green house effect .
Answer:
The greenhouse effect occurs when radiation from a planet's atmosphere warms the planet's surface to a higher temperature than it would be without the atmosphere. Radiatively active gases emit energy in all directions from a planet's atmosphere.
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what is gestation period?
Answer:
gestation period is the period of development during the carrying of the embryo or fetus inside viviparous animals
What happened to the California Condors?
A. They went extinct in 2002 due to destruction of their habitat.
B. There were only 149 left in the 1980's but even with a captive breeding
program they went extinct in 2010.
C. They went extinct in the 1700's but remains from a well preserved skeleton
contained enough to DNA to begin cloning them.
D. In 1985 there were only 9 left, but a captive breeding program has increased
their number to 300.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
California Condors have been in decline about as long as European Settlements began to spread across North America. These birds have been on the U.S endangered species list since 1967 and were near extinction when their captive-breeding program began. California Condors also mature and reproduce slowly.
If you have genotypes TTHh and ttHH, what is the probability of getting an offspring that is TtHH?
Answer:
50% or 1/2 in fraction form
Histones are essentially identical in sequence/structure in all eukaryotic organisms from yeast to plants to animals. What does this say about the biophysical properties of DNA-packaging and the evolution of eukaryotic organisms
Answer:
It indicates that core histone genes were present in the last common ancestor of yeasts, plants, and animals
Explanation:
Histones are highly basic proteins that can strongly interact with DNA, which is packaged into nucleosomes, the basic structural and functional unit of chromatin. Each nucleosome is composed of approximately 147 base pairs of DNA wrapped around a core of eight histone proteins (two copies of four types of histones H3, H4, H2A, H2B). These core histones are evolutionarily conserved across eukaryotic kingdoms in terms of sequence and structure. Therefore, DNA-packaging into nucleosomes is considered a constraint for the evolution of core histones. Moreover, the presence of conserved core histones in eukaryotic kingdoms (e.g., yeast, plant, and animal kingdoms) is strong evidence that histone-mediated DNA packaging was presumably present in the last common ancestor of eukaryotic genomes.
supuie ) Prokaryotes have nucleus that is without : i) nuclear ii) membrane nucleous iii) nucle
Answer:
the ans is
NUCLEOUS MEMBRANEor
MEMBRANE nucleus u can call it either way
Answer:
Nucle
Explanation:It is said that Prokaryotes have nucleus that has nuclear,membrane and nucleous
Question 5
Not yet answered
Marked out of 1.00
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Complete the following sentence: "The interior of living cells is more
than the exterior because more
ions are expelled than ions are taken in by the sodium-potassium pump."
Select one:
O a. electropositive. Nak
O b. electronegative, Na.
O C. electronegative, Na, K
O d. electropositive, Na+, K+
Question 6
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The high concentration of protons in the inner mitochondrial space relative to the mitochondrial matrix represent
O
В.
77°F
AGD (0)
10-25 PM
7/28/2021
Answer:
i really really need the brainly points
Explanation:
sry for this answer, i need the answers for myself
What is microbiology?
Microbiology is the study of microscopic organisms, such as bacteria, viruses,
Which of the following statements about continuous variables is
A. continuous variables must lie between a clearly defined interval
B. continuous variables may be restricted to positive values
C. continuous variables will never be nonzero
D. continuous variables must always be restricted to positive values
Answer:
I think it's A
must lie btn a clearly defined interval
Continues variable must be between a clearly defined the interval about continuous variables. Thus,option A is correct.
What is continuous variables?A continuous variables is define as a function which continuous varies in a given interval for instance, if a variable over a non-empty range of the real numbers is continuous, then it can take on any value in that range.
Types of continuous variables:
There are two types of continuous variables which are mentioned below:-
1:- Instant variable
2:- Ratio variable
Instant variable
A variable can be defined as the distance or level which are varies between given interval.
Ratio variable
Ratio variable is another type of continuous variables which has only one variation in given interval.
Therefore, continues variable must be between a clearly defined the interval about continuous variables. Thus, option A is correct.
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Glycogen phosphorylase (GP) targets the non-reducing ends of glycogen to cleave glycogen and produce one glucose-1P at a time. GP will do this until it is three glucose molecules from the glucose molecule with the branch point - at which time another enzyme takes over the degradation. Which glucose molecule(s) on glycogen are substrates for GP based on this information
Answer:
Glucose molecules bound together by a-1,4 glycosidic linkages, and they must be >4 glucose molecules away from a branch point.
Explanation:
Glycogen phosphorylase can not degrade the glucose polymer close to the branch point because these sections of the glycogen molecule are to short for the glucose polymer to fit properly into the active site of the GP enzyme. The GP enzyme can therefore only degrade the 'straight' portions of glycogen. To degrade a branch point, a debranching enzyme is required. The debranching enzyme has transferase (cleaves off glucose molecules right before branch point and moves them to the end of another branch) and a-1,6 glycosidic activity which removes the branching glucose.
Glucose molecules are restrained together by a-1,4 glycosidic connections, and they must be >4 glucose molecules missing from a branch issue.
What are Glucose molecules?
Glycogen phosphorylase can not devalue the glucose polymer proximate to the branch pinpoint because these provinces of the glycogen molecule are too quick for the glucose polymer to fit properly into the involved site of the GP enzyme.
The GP enzyme can thus, only impair the 'straight' pieces of glycogen. To degrade a branch point, a debranching enzyme is directed.
The debranching enzyme has transferase (cleaves off glucose molecules correct before the attachment point and carries them to the end of another branch) and a-1,6 glycosidic movement which dismisses the branching glucose.
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Water droplets are pulled towards earth by ______________.
As water is cooled from 4° C to 0° C, its density
A. stays the same
B. decreases and increases
C. increases
D. decreases
Answer:
I believe that it increases (becoming more dense)
Explanation:
Well 0°C is freezing point so I think that in that state it will become a solid from a liquid and freeze into ice.
Indicate whether each statement is true or false: 1. Compliance is the tendency for blood vessel volume to increase as blood pressure decreases. True 2. Blood vessels with a large compliance exhibit a small increase in volume when the pressure increases a small amount. True 3. Venous compliance is approximately 24X greater than arterial compliance, so as venous pressure increases the volume of veins greatly increases. True
Answer:
1. False
2. False
3. True
Explanation:
1. Compliance is the capacity of a container to increase in size to allow it hold more content. Blood vessel, arteries and veins expand (increase in volume) to be able to accommodate a surge in blood flow, which is as a result of an increase in pressure of the blood from the heart pumping of the blood
Therefore, compliance in the tendency for blood vessel volume to increase as the blood pressure increases not decrease
The statement is false
2. A large compliance is indicative of being highly sensitive to changes in pressure
Compliance, C = ΔV/ΔP
From the above equation, a blood vessel with a large compliance, exhibit a large increase in volume when the increase in pressure is small
Therefore, the statement 'Blood vessels with a large compliance exhibit a small increase in volume when pressure increases a small amount; is false
3. The compliance of the vein ranges from 10 to 20 times (30 times in some literature) greater than arteries. A factor which can be affected by the vascular smooth muscle contraction or relaxation
Therefore, the statement, 'venous compliance is approximately 24 times larger than arterial compliance, so as venous pressure increases the volume of veins greatly increases' is true
Which one of the following would be inhibited by a well-designed antiviral drug? Cell wall synthesis Viral binding to human cells Virus assembly outside of the infected cell Translation of host cell RNAs
Viral binding to human cells is inhibited by the antiviral drug.
Well-designed antiviral drug inhibited Viral binding to human cells so that the virus can't get the place of attachment and unable to use the cell's machinery for its growth and multiplication. In this way, the humans can be prevented from having the viral infection. There are some other mechanisms also used by the antiviral drug to inhibit the growth of virus in the human body such as uncoating of virus and synthesis of new viral components.
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where is plants respiration takes place?
Answer:
MitochondriaExplanation:
Plants create their own nourishment to live in the natural world. Plants absorb oxygen from the air through their stomata, much like they do during photosynthesis. In the presence of oxygen, respiration takes place in the mitochondria of the cell, which is referred to as "aerobic respiration."
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QUESTION 11 1. Through PCR, we have determined the PER3 genotypes for a class of students as follows: H4/H4 = 125 individuals; H4/H5 = 85 individuals and H5/H5=24 individuals. Using the allele's frequencies experimentally derived, calculate the frequency of the H4/H5 genotype that would be expected if the class were a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. 1. 0.28 2. 0.51 3. 0.19 4. 0.72 5. 0.14 6. 0.24 7. 0.41 QUESTION 12 1. Through PCR, we have determined the PER3 genotypes for a class of students as follows: H4/H4 = 125 individuals; H4/H5 = 85 individuals and H5/H5=24 individuals. Using the genotype frequencies derived assuming that the class were a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, calculate the number of H4/H4 individuals that would be expected in the class (rounded numbers). 1. 19 2. 57 3. 72 4. 147 5. 171 6. 120 7. 96 QUESTION 13 1. Through PCR, we have determined the PER3 genotypes for a class of students as follows: H4/H4 = 125 individuals; H4/H5 = 85 individuals and H5/H5=24 individuals. Considering the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium and comparing the observed and the expected number of individuals for the three genotypes, calculate the value of the Chi-square statistic 1. 2.69 2. 0.05 3. 28.67 4. 14.59 5. 0.50 6. 22.31 7. 3.84 QUESTION 14 1. Through PCR, we have determined the PER3 genotypes for a class of students as follows: H4/H4 = 125 individuals; H4/H5 = 85 individuals and H5/H5=24 individuals. Considering the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium, which is the (correct) null hypothesis tested by Chi-square? 1. The whole class represents a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium 2. The whole class represents a population that may not be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium 3. The whole class represents a population that is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium 4. The whole class represents a population that may be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium QUESTION 15 1. Through PCR, we have determined the PER3 genotypes for a class of students as follows: H4/H4 = 125 individuals; H4/H5 = 85 individuals and H5/H5=24 individuals. Considering the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium and calculating the Chi-square statistic, do you reject or fail to reject the null-hypothesis? 1. Comparing the value of Chi-square that I calculated with the critical value of Chi-square for the appropriate degrees of freedom I conclude that P>0.05. Hence, I reject the null hypothesis. 2. Comparing the value of Chi-square that I calculated with the critical value of Chi-square for the appropriate degrees of freedom, I conclude that P>0.05. Hence, I fail to reject the null hypothesis. 3. Comparing the value of Chi-square that I calculated with the critical value of Chi-square for the appropriate degrees of freedom I conclude that P<0.05. Hence, I reject the null hypothesis. 4. Comparing the value of Chi-square that I calculated with the critical value of Chi-square for the appropriate degrees of freedom I conclude that P<0.05. Hence, I fail to reject the null hypothesis.
According to Hardy-Weinberg, when a population is in equilibrium, it will have the same allelic frequencies generation after generation, meaning that they are stable, they are not evolving.
When any evolutive force is acting on the population, this equilibrium breacks, and allelic and genotypic frequencies change through generations, differing from the expected ones.
A) Option 7 is the correct answer ⇒ 0.41
B) Option 6 is the correct answer ⇒ 120
C) Option 7 is the correct answer ⇒ 3.84
D) Option 1 is the correct answer ⇒ The class represents a population that is in H-W equilibrium
E) Option 1 is correct. Comparing the value of Chi-square that I calculated with the critical value of Chi-square for the appropriate degrees of freedom I conclude that P>0.05. Hence, I reject the null hypothesis.
-------------------------------------------
Allelic frequencies in a locus are represented as p and q, referring to the
allelic dominant or recessive forms. The genotypic frequencies after one generation are p² (H0m0zyg0us dominant), 2pq (H3ter0zygous), q² (H0m0zyg0us recessive). Populations in H-W equilibrium will get the same
allelic frequencies generation after generation.
The sum of the allelic frequencies equals 1, this is p + q = 1.
In the same way, the sum of genotypic frequencies equals 1, this is
p² + 2pq + q² = 1
Being
p the dominant allelic frequency,
q the recessive allelic frequency,
p² the h0m0zyg0us dominant genotypic frequency
q² the h0m0zyg0us recessive genotypic frequency
2pq the h3ter0zyg0us genotypic frequency
Situation: Through PCR, we have determined the PER3 genotypes for a class of students as follows:
H4/H4 = 125 individuals;
H4/H5 = 85 individuals;
H5/H5=24 individuals.
⇒ Total number of individuals= 125 + 85 + 24 = 234
⇒ Genotypic frequencies, F(xx):
F(H4/H4) = 125/234 =0.534
F(H4/H5) = 85/234 = 0.363
F(H5/H5) = 24/234 = 0.102
⇒ Allelic frequencies, f(x):
f(H4) = p = F(H4/H4) + 1/2 F(H4/H5) = 0.534 + 0.363/2 = 0.534 + 0.182 = 0.716
f(H5) = q = F(H5/H5) + 1/2 F(H4/H5) = 0.102 + 0.363/2 = 0.102 + 0.182 = 0.284
Questions:
A) According to the theoreticall frame, we know that 2pq is the h3ter0zygous genotypic frequency. So,
F(H4/H5) = 2pq = 2 x 0.716 x 0.284 = 0.408 ≅ 0.41 ⇒ Option 7 is the correct answer.
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B) According to the theoreticall frame, we know that p² is the h0m0zyg0us genotypic frequency. So,
p = 0.716
p² = 0.5126 ≅ 0.513 ⇒ This is the genotypic frequency.
To calculate the number of individuals carrying this genotype, we need to multiply it by the total number of
individuals.
H4/H4 individuals = p² x total number of individuals = 0.513 x 234 = 120
Option 6 is the correct answer.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C) Up to here we know that 2pq = 0.41 and p² = 0.513
Now we need to calculate q ²
q = 0.284, then q² = 0.284² = 0.08
These are the expected frequencies if the population was in H-W equilibrium.
The expected number of individuals with each genotype are:
H4/H4 = 0.513 x 234 = 120 individuals
H4/H5 = 0.41 x 234 = 96 individuals
H5/H5= 0.08 x 234 = 18 individuals
The observed number of individuals with each genotype are:
H4/H4 = 125 individuals
H4/H5 = 85 individuals
H5/H5=24 individuals
X² = ∑ (Observed - Expected)²/Expected)
X² = ((125-120)²/120) + ((85 - 96)²/96) + ((24-18)²/18)
X² = 0.21 + 1.26 + 2 =
X² = 3.47
The clossest option is option 7 = 3.84. The difference might be related to decimals and rounding.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
D) The correct answer is 1 ⇒ The whole class represents a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
The null hypothesis always predict that populations are in H-W equilibrium.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
E)
X² = 3.47
Freedom degrees = n - 1 = 3 - 1 = 2
Table p value: 7.82
Significance level, 5% = 0.05
Table value/Critical value = 5.991
5.991 > 0.347
Meaning that the difference between the observed individuals and the expected individuals is statistically significant. Not probably to have differe by random chances. There is enough evidence to reject the null
hypothesis.
Option 1 is correct. Comparing the value of Chi-square that I calculated with the critical value of Chi-square for the appropriate degrees of freedom I conclude that P>0.05. Hence, I reject the null hypothesis.
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Two species have homologous structures. What do these homologous structures show about the evolutionary relationship between the two species?
All of the following statements about ferns are correct except:_________
A) ferns flourish in many habitats, but the majority are located in the tropics.
B) the sporophyte is a conspicuous generation.
C) sori are located on the back or ventral surface of fronds.
D) the gametophyte is a conspicuous generation.
E) ferns have underground stems called rhizomes.
Answer: B) because in higher plants, such as angiosperms and gymnosperms, the sporophyte is the dominant generation.
All of the following statements about ferns are correct except the gametophyte is a conspicuous generation. Therefore, the correct option is D.
In ferns the gametophyte is usually much smaller and less noticeable, whereas the sporophyte is the more noticeable generation. The sporophyte, the famous giant pearl fern plant, is a major stage in the fern life cycle. Gametes (eggs and sperm) are produced by the gametophyte, which is a small, autonomous stage responsible for sexual reproduction.
Therefore, the correct option is D.
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5. Imagine that you encounter two color morphs of S. marcescens in natural environment. If you do not have any prior knowledge on the prodigiosin synthesis pathway of these Serratia species, will you consider the red and white Serratia colonies as one species or two species? Do you think we should designate species based on morphological traits or genetic differentiation? Without limiting to the S. marcescens experiment, provide evidence and example to support your claim.
Answer:
According to the given question that without prior knowledge on the prodigiosin synthesis pathway of these Serratia species, and we experience two different color morphs of the species. So, there is given or known preliminary morphological basis we will consider them different two different colonies. These can be identify only after genetically identify or study.
The morphological characterstics of the organism and the genetic identification both are equally important. So Giving any one more importance over other is not logical.
Morphologically we can differentiate the color of the colonies of mutants. The mutant serratia sp. are known for eficient biosynthesis of prodigiosin, Thus on the basis of color characteristics of their colonies when grown on peptone glycerol medium we can identify.
As you read in this chapter, fungi have long formed symbiotic associations with plants and with algae. How may these two types of associations lead to emergent properties in biological communities
Answer:
Fungi show symbiotic association with algae and plants. With plants, they thrive as endophytes in a form of the symbiotic association. This symbiotic association results in the emergence of novel characteristics in the world of biology.
The lichens function as a tool in finding the quality of air, as they grow in the environment containing good air quality. The tolerance towards heat is another characteristic. Some of the endophytes are witnessed in the plants, which grow in very hot conditions.
At such conditions, no fungi or plant can thrive, however, in the symbiotic association, they possess the tendency to thrive. If one tries to separate them, it results in the death of both.
Explanation:
Which of these is a covalent bond in which the electrons are not evenly shared?
Answer:
polar covalent bond
Explanation:
Students are each given a 20-gram sample of an unknown solid compound in a clear plastic bag. They are instructed to break the material into smaller parts by gently hitting it with a hammer. Some of the parts break into large chunks and some look like a fine powder.
Which statement correctly describes these broken pieces of the sample?
