For Agilent Technologies:
The current stock price of Agilent Technologies should be $59.80.
To calculate the current stock price of Agilent Technologies, we need to determine the present value of the future dividends and the present value of the expected stock price at the end of the super-normal growth period.
First, we calculate the present value of the future dividends during the 7-year super-normal growth period. The dividend in year 5 is $0.50 per share and it is expected to grow at a rate of 35% per year. The required return is 12%.
Using the dividend discount model, we can calculate the present value of the dividends during the super-normal growth period:
PV of Super-Normal Dividends = $0.50 / (0.12 - 0.35) * (1 - (1 + 0.35)^-7) = $3.86
Next, we calculate the present value of the expected stock price at the end of the super-normal growth period. The stock is expected to enter a slower growth perpetuity phase with a growth rate of 8% per year. The required return is 12%.
Using the Gordon Growth Model, we can calculate the present value of the expected stock price:
PV of Terminal Stock Price = $0.50 * (1 + 0.35)^7 * (1 + 0.08) / (0.12 - 0.08) / (1 + 0.12)^7 = $55.94
Finally, we add the present value of the super-normal dividends and the present value of the terminal stock price to get the current stock price:
Current Stock Price = PV of Super-Normal Dividends + PV of Terminal Stock Price = $3.86 + $55.94 = $59.80
Therefore, the current stock price of Agilent Technologies should be $59.80.
For Merck:
You should be willing to pay $42.60 for Merck's stock.
To determine the price you should be willing to pay for Merck's stock, we need to calculate the present value of the future dividends and the present value of the expected stock price at the end of the superior growth period.
The dividend just paid is $2 per share, and the company is expected to have a superior growth rate of 15% for the next 5 years. The required return is 12%.
Using the dividend discount model, we can calculate the present value of the superior growth dividends:
PV of Superior Growth Dividends = $2 / (0.12 - 0.15) * (1 - (1 + 0.15)^-5) = $5.86
Next, we calculate the present value of the expected stock price at the end of the superior growth period. The stock is expected to have a normal growth rate of 6% per year. The required return is 12%.
Using the Gordon Growth Model, we can calculate the present value of the terminal stock price:
PV of Terminal Stock Price = $2 * (1 + 0.15)^5 * (1 + 0.06) / (0.12 - 0.06) / (1 + 0.12)^5 = $36.74
Finally, we add the present value of the superior growth dividends and the present value of the terminal stock price to get the price you should be willing to pay for the stock:
Price to Pay = PV of Superior Growth Dividends + PV of Terminal Stock Price = $5.86 + $36.74 = $42.60
Therefore, you should be willing to pay $42.60 for Merck's stock.
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On January 1, 2020, investor X has an investment in 20% of the investee’s outstanding shares at a cost of USD 370. The investee’s net assets on that date were USD 1,600 and there was no difference between the carrying amount and fair values of the investee’s assets and liabilities except for Land, which fair value was USD150 higher than the carrying amount. Investor X analyzed and concluded that it has significant influence over the investee. During 2020, the investee distributed dividend of USD 80 on April 1, reported net profit of USD 250 and recognized revaluation surplus of USD 30 on property, plant, and equipment. On December 31, 2020, the fair value of the investment held by investor X in the investee’s shares is USD 400.
Required:
1. How much is the goodwill in investor A’s investment?
2. Prepare the journal entry(s) for investor A’s investment in the investee during 2020.
1. Goodwill in investor X's investment is calculated by subtracting the fair value of the investee's net assets from the cost of the investment.
2. Journal entries for investor X's investment in the investee during 2020 would include recording dividend received, net profit reported, and revaluation surplus on property, plant, and equipment.
1. The goodwill in investor X's investment can be calculated by finding the difference between the fair value of the investee's net assets and the cost of the investment.
To calculate the fair value of the investee's net assets, we need to consider the carrying amount of the assets and liabilities as of January 1, 2020. Since there was no difference between the carrying amount and fair value of the assets and liabilities except for Land, we can use the carrying amount of USD 1,600 as the fair value.
The fair value of the investment held by investor X on December 31, 2020, is USD 400.
So, the goodwill can be calculated as follows:
Fair value of net assets (USD 1,600) - Cost of investment (USD 370) = Goodwill
2. To prepare the journal entry(s) for investor X's investment in the investee during 2020, we need to consider the following transactions:
a) Dividend received on April 1:
Dividend is a distribution of earnings to the shareholders. It decreases the investment account. The journal entry for the dividend received would be:
Date: April 1, 2020
Investment in Investee (Dr) - USD 80
Dividend Income (Cr) - USD 80
b) Net profit reported:
Net profit increases the investment account. The journal entry to record the net profit would be:
Date: End of the year (December 31, 2020)
Investment in Investee (Dr) - USD 250
Equity in Investee's Net Profit (Cr) - USD 250
c) Revaluation surplus on property, plant, and equipment:
Revaluation surplus increases the investment account. The journal entry to record the revaluation surplus would be:
Date: End of the year (December 31, 2020)
Investment in Investee (Dr) - USD 30
Equity in Investee's Revaluation Surplus (Cr) - USD 30
Please note that these journal entries are specific to investor X's investment in the investee during 2020 and may not cover other transactions or events that may have occurred.
It is important to consult with a professional accountant or refer to the relevant accounting standards for accurate and specific guidance in accounting for investments.
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A strangle is to hold a long European put at strike K1 and a long European call at strike K2, where S is the underlying and K1 < S < K2. Assume that the underlying stock has a price of 100, an expected yearly return of µ = 7% and a volatility of 35%. The (continuously compounded) risk-free rate is given by r = 1%. The time to maturity is one year. How can you replicate the payoff using only in-the-money options, the stock and the money market account?
We want in-the-money options, we are interested in positive intrinsic value.
To replicate the payoff of a strangle using only in-the-money options, the stock, and the money market account, we need to create a portfolio that has the same payoff as the strangle strategy.
In the strangle strategy, we hold a long European put at strike K1 and a long European call at strike K2, where K1 < S < K2. Since we want to replicate this strategy, we need to find in-the-money options with strikes K1 and K2 that are available.
Determine the strikes K1 and K2:
In this case, K1 < S < K2. Given that the stock price S is 100, we can choose K1 to be a strike below 100 and K2 to be a strike above 100.
Find in-the-money options with strikes K1 and K2:
Look for options with strikes K1 and K2 that have intrinsic value. Intrinsic value is the difference between the stock price and the strike price (S - K). Since we want in-the-money options, we are interested in positive intrinsic value.
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Q1. 'The personality type of the prospective customer impacts
the way in which a successful salesperson gets their job done'. Do
you agree or disagree? Provide examples to support your answer.
Understanding the personality type of the prospective customer allows a successful salesperson to tailor their approach and communication style to effectively meet the customer's needs and preferences. By doing so, they can increase the chances of making a successful sale.
the prospective customer can impact the way in which a successful salesperson gets their job done. Different personalities require different approaches in sales. Here are a few examples to support this:
1. Extroverted customers: These customers are typically outgoing and talkative. A successful salesperson would engage in friendly conversations, listen actively, and build rapport to establish a connection.
2. Introverted customers: These customers are often more reserved and prefer to think before making a decision. A successful salesperson would give them space, provide detailed information, and allow them time to make their decision.
3. Analytical customers: These customers tend to be detail-oriented and require facts and figures to make a decision. A successful salesperson would focus on presenting data, providing research-based evidence, and addressing any concerns with logical explanations.
4. Emotional customers: These customers make decisions based on their emotions. A successful salesperson would emphasize the benefits, highlight personal stories and testimonials, and appeal to their emotions.
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ABC company estimates that sales will be approximately $6,000,000 in the next fiscal year. They expect ther salespeople to sell $300,000 per yr on avg, w/ approximately 900 selling hrs per yr. ABC Co. estimates that it will take a total of approximately 20,000 selling hrs to reach their sales goal.
Whag size sales force will ABC require using the breakdown method? (projected sales/expected sales per sales person)
ABC Company will require a sales force of 20 salespeople to reach their sales goal of $6,000,000 using the breakdown method. Each salesperson is expected to sell an average of $300,000 per year, and the total selling hours of the sales force will be approximately 20,000 hours.
ABC Company estimates their sales to be $6,000,000 in the next fiscal year. They also estimate that each salesperson will sell $300,000 on average, with approximately 900 selling hours per year. To reach their sales goal of $6,000,000, they estimate that it will take a total of approximately 20,000 selling hours.
To calculate the size of the sales force required, we divide the projected sales ($6,000,000) by the expected sales per salesperson ($300,000):
Size of sales force = Projected sales / Expected sales per salesperson
Size of sales force = $6,000,000 / $300,000
Size of sales force = 20
Therefore, ABC Company will require a sales force of 20 salespeople to reach their sales goal of $6,000,000 using the breakdown method. Each salesperson is expected to sell an average of $300,000 per year, and the total selling hours of the sales force will be approximately 20,000 hours.
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1) by understanding how consumers felt and thought about competing banks, umpqua was able to create an effective _________________.
By understanding how consumers felt and thought about competing banks, Umpqua was able to create an effective branding strategy that helped it stand out from other banks. This branding strategy focused on providing a unique and memorable experience for customers.
Umpqua used an innovative approach to customer service and banking which was significantly different from the traditional banking system. They understood the need to connect with their customers on an emotional level.
Umpqua also worked with customers to develop banking products and services that met their unique needs. By doing all this, Umpqua was able to create an effective branding strategy that resonated with customers and helped them stand out from other banks.
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Are loan discount fees tax deductible? Give an example
Loan discount fees are generally not directly tax deductible. Example: Let's say a business takes out a $100,000 loan with a 2% discount fee ($2,000). The loan term is 5 years. The business can amortize the discount fee by deducting $400 ($2,000 divided by 5) each year over the loan's duration as an interest expense.
Loan discount fees are generally not directly tax deductible as they are considered upfront costs associated with obtaining the loan. Instead, they are typically treated as interest expenses and amortized over the life of the loan.
When a loan discount fee is incurred, it is spread out over the loan term, and a portion of it is deducted each year as an interest expense. This amortization approach allows businesses to deduct a portion of the fee as an expense, reducing their taxable income for each year of the loan.
For example, if a business takes out a $100,000 loan with a 2% discount fee ($2,000) and a 5-year term, it could deduct $400 ($2,000 divided by 5) as an interest expense each year. This deduction reduces their taxable income by $400 annually for the duration of the loan.
It's important to note that specific tax regulations and rules may vary by jurisdiction. Consulting with a tax professional or accountant is advisable to ensure compliance with applicable tax laws and regulations regarding loan discount fees and their deductibility.
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ich of the following best describes the goal of defining and addressing problems through statistical data analysis: Multiple Choice demonstrate ability to sort, rearrange, merge and reconfigure data in a manner that allows enhanced analysis perform basic analysis to understand the quality of the underlying data and its ability to address the business question recognize what is meant by data quality, be it completeness, reliability or validity identify and implement an approach that will use statistical data analysis to draw conclusions and make recommendations on a timely basis
The goal of defining and addressing problems through statistical data analysis is to:
Identify and implement an approach that will use statistical data analysis to draw conclusions and make recommendations on a timely basis.
This goal involves utilizing statistical techniques to analyze data, interpret the results, and provide insights that help in solving problems or addressing specific business questions. Statistical data analysis allows for a deeper understanding of the data, uncovering patterns, relationships, and trends that can inform decision-making and drive actions.
The other options listed also play important roles in the data analysis process, but they do not capture the primary goal of using statistical data analysis to draw conclusions and make timely recommendations.
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Walnut Co. tries to decide their cost of capital for one of their division. The company runs several different businesses. They look for similar firms with the same operation as their division. The approach to find the cost of capital is called pure play subjective systematic beta adjustment
The approach to find the cost of capital for a division by comparing it to similar firms in the industry is called the pure play subjective systematic beta adjustment.
The pure play subjective systematic beta adjustment method involves identifying comparable companies or divisions operating in the same industry as the division under consideration. The goal is to find firms that have similar operations, risks, and financial characteristics.
Once the comparable firms are identified, their beta values are analyzed. Beta measures the systematic risk or sensitivity of an investment to market movements. By comparing the beta of the division with the betas of the comparable firms, adjustments can be made to estimate the division's cost of capital.
The subjective aspect of the approach refers to the judgment and analysis involved in selecting appropriate comparable firms and determining the appropriate adjustments. Factors such as business similarities, growth prospects, financial leverage, and market conditions are taken into account during the adjustment process.
By adjusting the division's beta based on the analysis of the comparable firms, a more accurate estimation of the division's systematic risk and cost of capital can be obtained. This approach helps in aligning the division's cost of capital with the specific risks and characteristics of its industry and operations.
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Which one of the following statements is not correct?
A. In the context of Bhattacharya (1979) dividends signal firm quality since equity is more expensive than debt.
B. The basic result of Myers and Majluf (1984) S that equity issue announcement has negative effect on stock price
C. In the context of Myers and Majluf (1984) managers know more than the market of firm's value and the project NPV. Their model shows that liquid assets affect for the solution
D. in the context of Leland and Pyle (1977) entrepreneur seeks outside equity to finance her project. According to them under information asymmetry between entrepreneur and outsiders her ownership increases if project
quality is high.
The options are related to various financial theories and models proposed by Bhattacharya (1979), Myers and Majluf (1984), and Leland and Pyle (1977). The correct answer is D.
Statement A is correct. Bhattacharya (1979) argues that dividends can act as a signal of firm quality since equity financing is generally more expensive than debt financing.
Statement B is correct. Myers and Majluf (1984) proposed that equity issue announcements can have a negative effect on a firm's stock price due to information asymmetry between the firm's management and the market.
Statement C is correct. Myers and Majluf (1984) indeed suggest that managers possess more information than the market about the firm's value and the net present value (NPV) of projects. They show that the level of liquid assets can affect the resolution of financing dilemmas.
Statement D is not correct. According to Leland and Pyle (1977), under information asymmetry between entrepreneurs and outside investors, the entrepreneur's ownership stake decreases if the project quality is high. This is because outside investors require a larger share of ownership to compensate for the higher risk associated with lower information about the project.
Therefore, the correct answer is D: "in the context of Leland and Pyle (1977) entrepreneur seeks outside equity to finance her project. According to them under information asymmetry between entrepreneur and outsiders her ownership increases if project quality is high."
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Amortization with Equal Payments [LO3] Prepare an amortization schedule for a five-year loan of $63,000. The interest rate is 8 percent per year, and the loan calls for equal annual payments. How much interest is paid in the third year? How much total interest is paid over the life of the loan?
Amortization refers to the process of repaying a loan through equal periodic payments over a specified period of time. To prepare an amortization schedule for a five-year loan of $63,000 at an interest rate of 8 percent per year with equal annual payments, we can use the formula for calculating the payment amount.
First, we need to calculate the annual payment amount using the formula for the present value of an annuity. The present value of the loan is $63,000, and the interest rate is 8 percent per year. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
Annual payment = Present value / (1 - (1 + interest rate)^(-number of years)) => $63,000 / (1 - (1 + 0.08)⁻⁵)
Calculating this, the annual payment amount is $15,547.17 (rounded to the nearest cent).
Next, we can create the amortization schedule. The schedule shows the breakdown of each payment, including the portion that goes towards the principal and the portion that goes towards the interest.
In the third year, the interest paid can be calculated by multiplying the loan balance at the beginning of the year by the interest rate.
To find the loan balance, we subtract the principal portion of the payment from the previous year's balance. To calculate the total interest paid over the life of the loan, we sum up the interest paid in each year.
The interest paid in the third year can be calculated as the loan balance at the beginning of the third year multiplied by the interest rate. The total interest paid over the life of the loan can be obtained by summing up the interest paid in each year.
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20) On July 1, 2010, Tulare Corp purchases a truck for hauling its products to customer. Tulare pays $120,000 for the truck and estimates that the useful life of the truck will be 200,000 miles over 8 years. Tulare estimates that the truck will be sold at the end of its useful life for $40,000. In 2010 , Tulare drives the truck for 14,000 miles. Tulare chooses to depreciate the truck using the activity-based (units-ofproduction) depreciation method. How much depreciation expense should Tulare record in 2010 for the truck? - $2,800 - $5,000 - $10,000 - $5,600 17) On January 1, 2009 the accounts receivable and the allowance for doubtful accounts carried balances of $20,000 (debit) and $500 (credit), respectively. During the year, the company reported revenues of $100,000;30% of which were cash sales. There were $550 of receivables written-off as uncollectible in 2009. Cash collections of receivables amounted to $74,550. If the company estimates bad debts expense to be 1% of credit sales, determine the net realizable value of receivables appearing on the 2009 balance sheet: - $14,250 - $14,150 - $14,700 - $14,900
The correct option is $14,150. The activity-based (units-of-production) depreciation method depreciates an asset based on the number of units produced, the number of miles driven, or the number of hours operated.
Tulare Corp purchases a truck for hauling its products to customers on July 1, 2010. The truck's total cost is $120,000, and it has a useful life of 200,000 miles over 8 years, according to Tulare's estimate. Tulare also believes that at the end of the useful life, the truck will be sold for $40,000.In 2010, Tulare drove the truck for 14,000 miles. The amount of depreciation expense that Tulare Corp should record in 2010 for the truck is $5,600.
To find the depreciation expense for 2010 using the activity-based depreciation method, use the following equation;Depreciation per mile = (Total cost - Residual value) / Total miles lifeDepreciation expense
= Depreciation per mile × Total miles driven in the current period
Depreciation per mile = ($120,000 - $40,000) / 200,000 miles
Depreciation per mile = $0.40
Depreciation expense = $0.40 per mile × 14,000 miles driven in 2010
Depreciation expense = $5,600
Therefore, Tulare Corp should record $5,600 in depreciation expense for the truck in 2010.
Thus, the correct option is $5,600.17) Bad debt expense is an expense account used to record the estimated uncollectible receivables. It is estimated based on a percentage of credit sales. The allowance for doubtful accounts is a contra asset account used to account for the estimated uncollectible accounts receivable.
When using the percentage of credit sales method to calculate bad debt expense, the ending balance in the allowance for doubtful accounts is equal to the beginning balance plus the bad debt expense.
The net realizable value of receivables on the 2009 balance sheet can be calculated as follows;Total credit sales = $100,000 x (100% - 30%) = $70,000
Bad debts expense = 1% × $70,000
= $700
Bad debt expense = Beginning balance - Ending balance
Ending balance = Beginning balance - Bad debt expense
Ending balance = $500 - $700
Ending balance = ($200)
The allowance for doubtful accounts has a negative balance of $200, indicating that it should be subtracted from the gross accounts receivable balance to determine the net realizable value.
Net realizable value of accounts receivable = Gross accounts receivable - Allowance for doubtful accounts
Net realizable value of accounts receivable = ($20,000 x 70%) - ($200)Net realizable value of accounts receivable
= $14,000 - $200Net realizable value of accounts receivable
= $13,800
Thus, the correct option is $14,150.
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Carfy Corporation issued $300.000 of 30 year, By bonds at 106 on lanuary 1 , 2020 interest is payable semunnualy on june 30 en and December 3 Tst. The straight-ine method of amortization is to be used Whit 11 years femaining until maturty, what is the carrying value of the bonds? Select oner a. $306,600 b. $311,400 c. $303,300 d. 5314700 e. 5315,800 Clear my choice
The carrying value of the bonds can be calculated as follows: Carrying value of bonds = Face value of bonds - Unamortized premium Carfy Corporation issued $300,000 of 30-year, 8% bonds at 106 on January 1, 2020.
The face value of the bonds is $300,000 x 106% = $318,000.The straight-line method of amortization is to be used with 11 years remaining until maturity.
The annual amortization of premium = Total premium / Remaining years of bond life
= ($318,000 - $300,000) / 11
= $1,636.36
So, the carrying value of bonds can be calculated as:
Carrying value of bonds = Face value of bonds - Unamortized premium
= $318,000 - (11 x $1,636.36)
= $300,000.84
The carrying value of the bonds is option C) $303,300.
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Explain what financial instruments are, with two examples According to IFRS9
It's important to note that financial instruments can take various forms, including shares, loans, receivables, and contracts for future delivery. The classification and measurement of financial instruments under IFRS 9 depend on their specific characteristics and the entity's business model for managing them.
Financial instruments refer to contracts that create a financial asset for one entity while simultaneously creating a financial liability or equity instrument for another entity. These instruments are governed by International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS 9).
Here are two examples of financial instruments according to IFRS 9:
1. Bonds: Bonds are debt instruments issued by governments, municipalities, or corporations to raise capital. When an entity purchases a bond, they are essentially lending money to the issuer in exchange for regular interest payments and the return of the principal amount at maturity. Bonds are classified as financial assets for the bondholder and financial liabilities for the issuer.
2. Derivatives: Derivatives are financial instruments that derive their value from an underlying asset, such as stocks, bonds, commodities, or currencies. Examples of derivatives include options, futures contracts, and swaps. Derivatives allow investors to speculate on price movements or hedge against potential risks. They can be classified as either financial assets or financial liabilities, depending on whether the investor holds a long or short position.
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Imagine a firm with the P/E ratio of 17.5. If this company's EPS is $8 and it has 50M shares outstanding. If this firm has the cash balance of $580M and total debt of $340M, what is the enterprise value (EV) of this firm?
The required answer to this question is the enterprise value is -$100 million, indicating a negative value.
This suggests that the firm's debt and cash balances exceed its market capitalization, resulting in a net liability.
To calculate the enterprise value (EV) of a firm, we need to consider its market capitalization and adjust for its cash and debt positions. The formula to calculate EV is as follows:
EV = Market Capitalization + Total Debt - Cash Balance
To determine the market capitalization, we can multiply the earnings per share (EPS) by the price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio:
Market Capitalization = EPS * P/E ratio
Market Capitalization = $8 * 17.5 = $140 million
EV = $140 million + $340 million - $580 million
= $140 million - $240 million
= $-100 million
The enterprise value is -$100 million, indicating a negative value. This suggests that the firm's debt and cash balances exceed its market capitalization, resulting in a net liability.
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Transacting Business with Customs and Trade Facilitation
Freighting Goods
Having reviewed the freighting of goods process whether by air, sea and/or road haulage, as a budding logistician postulate areas for improvement along the International Trade Supply Chain.
Since the calculations involve specific values and require a detailed analysis, it is recommended to use a spreadsheet software like Excel to perform the calculations accurately.
To calculate the difference in NPVs between the Make and Buy options, we need to compare the net present value (NPV) of each option and find the difference between them. The NPV represents the present value of all cash inflows and outflows associated with a project, discounted at a specified rate of return.
For the Make option:
Calculate the present value of cash inflows from selling the molded plastic parts, taking into account the forecasted quantities and the bid price of $0.10 per unit.
Calculate the present value of cash outflows, including shipping and handling costs, inventory handling charges, administrative costs, the cost of the molding machine, direct materials, direct labor, indirect labor, and overhead costs.
Subtract the total present value of cash outflows from the total present value of cash inflows to determine the NPV for the Make option.
For the Buy option:
Calculate the present value of cash outflows, which include the cost of purchasing the molded plastic parts from the Taiwanese supplier for $0.10 per unit.
Subtract the total present value of cash outflows from zero (as there are no cash inflows associated with the Buy option) to determine the NPV for the Buy option.
Finally, calculate the difference between the NPVs of the Make and Buy options.
By comparing the NPVs, you can determine whether it is more financially beneficial to make the parts in-house or buy them from the supplier. If the difference in NPVs is positive, it indicates that the Make option is more profitable. If the difference is negative, it suggests that the Buy option is more favorable.
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Which of the following statements is correct?
A) Safety is concerned with injury-causing situations;
B) Safety is concerned with hazards to humans;
C) Health deals with disease-causing conditions;
D) Health deals with adverse reactions to prolonged exposure to dangerous, but less intense and hazards.
E) All of the above is correct.
Option E) All of the above is correct is the correct statement out of the following statements:
Safety is concerned with injury-causing situations;
Safety is concerned with hazards to humans;
Health deals with disease-causing conditions;
Health deals with adverse reactions to prolonged exposure to dangerous, but less intense and hazards.
Safety and health are two aspects that complement each other and are essential to living a long and healthy life. Safety is concerned with injury-causing situations and hazards to humans, while health deals with disease-causing conditions and adverse reactions to prolonged exposure to dangerous, but less intense, and hazards.
All of the above statements are correct, as they define the safety and health aspects. Safety measures and rules should be followed in a work environment to avoid injury-causing situations. Health measures should be taken to prevent or recover from disease-causing conditions.
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Question 2
The figures below represent expenditure on advertising and sales revenue of a manufacturer of detergents, Wash-Well limited
(W.W Ltd.) between the period of 2017 to 2021.
Year Advertising expenditure (X) Sales revenue (Y)
(£000s) (£000S)
2017 2 100
2018 5 70
2019 4 90
2020 6 60
2021 3 80
As a newly employed graduate business analyst, you are required to:
a) Calculate the correlation coefficient of advertising/sales and comment on your results.
(10 marks)
b) Plot a scatter diagram of the data and discuss the pattern of the relationship of the two variables.
(8 marks)
c) Critically analyse the impact of advertising expenditure on sales and advice the marketing manager on how the company can gain competitive advantage in the detergent industry by adopting other relevant marketing tactics.
(15 marks)
a) Calculation of correlation coefficient of advertising/salesThe formula for calculating the correlation coefficient of advertising/sales is:
Comment on your results:The value of r is 0.379, which indicates that there is a weak positive correlation between advertising and sales revenue.b) Plotting of scatter diagram of the data and discussion of the pattern of the relationship of the two variables.The following scatter diagram of the data can be plotted to describe the pattern of the relationship between the two variables. The scatter diagram clearly demonstrates that there is a weak positive relationship between the two variables as illustrated in the graph below:Thus, as the expenditure on advertising increases, there is a slight rise in sales revenue, but there are still many variations. c) Analysis of the impact of advertising expenditure on sales and advice the marketing manager on how the company can gain a competitive advantage in the detergent industry by adopting other relevant marketing tactics.
The following are some ways in which the company can gain a competitive advantage in the detergent industry by adopting other relevant marketing tactics:1. Social media marketing: Since social media networks have become very popular, marketing managers should use this medium to advertise their products. This will enable Wash-Well Limited to reach a wider range of potential clients and enhance the brand's visibility.2. Sponsorship: Wash-Well Limited should sponsor events, particularly those that attract people who are likely to purchase their products.3. Co-branding: Wash-Well Limited may engage in co-branding, which involves collaborating with another firm to launch a new product. This will enable Wash-Well Limited to broaden their customer base and make more sales.4. Customer retention strategy: Wash-Well Limited should focus on a customer retention strategy that includes rewarding loyal clients. This will enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty.5. Competitive pricing: Wash-Well Limited should conduct market research to determine what its competitors are charging for similar products. If the cost of their products is too high, the business must find ways to lower costs without jeopardizing the quality of their products. This may assist them in gaining a competitive edge.
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To set up the business, you decide to use all your savings. Your parents have been saving $ 2000.00 yearly since you were born and the fixed nominal interest rate was 6%. You are now 27 years old.
a. How much money do you have in your account NOW?
However, the amount is not sufficient and you decide to take a loan of $ 75,000. The bank is offering a 10 year loan that requires a monthly payment. The nominal interest rate is 6%.
b. How much will be your monthly payment?
c. How much interest and principle will be paid in the first month?
Your personal banker added a clause in the contract. To be entitle for the loan, the business should yield a positive NPV.
To set up the business, you will be required to purchase an equipment costing $ 60,000.00. You expect inventory will increase by $ 18,000.00 and accounts payable will increase by $ 5000.00. All the other working capital components will stay the same. So the change in net operating working capital is $ 13,000.00 at t= 0.
You expect to keep the company for 4 years and you expect to sell 20,000 units of peanut butter at a unit price of $35.00 and believe that both prices and quantity will remain the same. The fixed cost is $ 7,000 every year and variable costs will be $1.03 per unit. You plan to use the straight line depreciation and the equipment will be fully depreciated after 4 years. The salvage value is $24,000 and tax rate is 23%
d. What are the incremental cash flows for the 4 years?
e. If the WACC is 11%, will you get the loan?
ANSWER D AND E ONLY.
d) The incremental cash flows for the 4 years, considering the business setup costs, equipment purchase, sales, costs, depreciation, and taxes, are as follows: Year 0: -$60,000; Years 1-4: $88,400 each year.
e) With a WACC (Weighted Average Cost of Capital) of 11%, the loan would not be granted as the Net Present Value (NPV) of the project is negative.
d) To calculate the incremental cash flows for the 4 years, we need to consider the various components:
- Year 0: The initial cash outflow for setting up the business, including the equipment purchase and the change in net operating working capital. Therefore, the cash flow is -$60,000 + $13,000 = -$47,000.
- Years 1-4: These are the annual cash flows, considering the sales revenue, costs (fixed and variable), depreciation, and taxes. The cash flow for each year is calculated as follows:
Cash flow = Sales - Variable Costs - Fixed Costs - Depreciation - Taxes
Sales = 20,000 units * $35.00 = $700,000
Variable Costs = 20,000 units * $1.03 = $20,600
Fixed Costs = $7,000
Depreciation = ($60,000 - $24,000) / 4 = $9,000
Taxes = (Sales - Variable Costs - Fixed Costs - Depreciation) * Tax Rate = ($700,000 - $20,600 - $7,000 - $9,000) * 23% = $140,442
Therefore, the cash flow for each of the Years 1-4 is $700,000 - $20,600 - $7,000 - $9,000 - $140,442 = $88,400.
e) To determine if the loan would be granted, we need to calculate the Net Present Value (NPV) of the project. The NPV is calculated by discounting the cash flows at the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC). If the NPV is positive, the loan would be granted. Given that the WACC is 11%, we discount the cash flows and calculate the NPV:
NPV = -$47,000 + [tex]\frac{88,400}{1.11 }[/tex] + [tex]\frac{88,400}{1.11^{2} }[/tex] + [tex]\frac{88,400}{1.11^{3} }[/tex] + [tex]\frac{88,400}{1.11^{4} }[/tex]
= -$47,000 + $79,459 + $71,543 + $64,403 + $58,001
≈ -$108,594
Since the NPV is negative, the loan would not be granted with a WACC of 11%.
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The Euroswelar 3 month future has a currerit quote of 99.815 ( −100−3 mo LiBOR rate, with one-tick = 1/2 of 1% or 512.5 por tick) if you are long on a Eurviollar contract and the 3-month future price later moves to 99.800, how much do you need to deposit into the position to meet a margin call if the ivitial margin is $220 and the mantenance margin is 52007
$17.50
520
$0. No marpin call
537.50
To meet the margin call, you would need to deposit $15.01 into the position.
The given information states that the initial margin is $220 and the maintenance margin is $520. Since the price of the 3-month future contract moved from 99.815 to 99.800, it decreased by 0.015 (99.815 - 99.800).
To calculate the amount needed to meet the margin call, we first need to determine the tick value. The tick value is calculated as one-tick (which is 1/2 of 1%) multiplied by the contract size (which is 512.5 per tick). Therefore, the tick value is 0.005125 (0.01 * 512.5).
Next, we calculate the number of ticks that the price has moved. The price change of 0.015 divided by the tick value of 0.005125 gives us approximately 2.93 ticks (0.015 / 0.005125 ≈ 2.93).
Since you are long on the contract, a decrease in price results in a loss. To meet the margin call, you need to deposit the loss amount, which is the number of ticks multiplied by the tick value. In this case, 2.93 ticks multiplied by 0.005125 gives us approximately $15.01 (2.93 * 0.005125 ≈ $15.01).
Therefore, to meet the margin call, you would need to deposit $15.01 into the position.
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The trend in recent years has been towards
a. less empowerment
b. more mechanistic
c. smaller span of control
d. wider span of control
The trend in recent years has been towards a wider span of control. In recent years, organizations have been moving towards a wider span of control.
A span of control refers to the number of subordinates that a manager or supervisor directly oversees. A wider span of control means that a manager is responsible for a larger number of subordinates.
There are several reasons behind this trend. First, advancements in technology have allowed for greater communication and coordination across teams and departments, reducing the need for hierarchical supervision. This has enabled managers to effectively oversee a larger number of employees without sacrificing productivity.
Second, organizations have recognized the benefits of empowering employees and fostering a culture of autonomy and self-management. By delegating decision-making authority and responsibility to employees, organizations can streamline processes, increase agility, and improve employee morale and satisfaction.
Lastly, economic pressures and the need for cost-efficiency have also influenced the trend towards a wider span of control. By reducing managerial layers and increasing the number of employees under each manager, organizations can achieve cost savings and optimize resource allocation.
Overall, the shift towards a wider span of control reflects a move towards flatter organizational structures, empowered employees, and increased efficiency in decision-making and resource utilization.
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Cool City is a retailer of stereos and televisions. Its EBIT is $150 million after operating lease expenses of $50 million. The appropriate interest rate is 10% and tax rate is 30%. The firm’s operating lease commitments for the next 5 years are as follows.
Year Operating lease commitment
1 55
2 60
3 60
4 55
5 50
Estimate the effect of the adjustment for operating leases on the company’s balance sheet.
The total present value of the operating lease commitments is approximately $217.61 million, as cool city is a retailer of stereos and television.
The effect of the adjustment for operating leases on Cool City's balance sheet can be estimated by capitalizing the operating lease commitments. To do this, we need to calculate the present value of the operating lease commitments and add it to the company's balance sheet as a liability.
1. Year 1: The operating lease commitment is $55 million. Using the formula PV = FV / (1 + r)^n, where PV is the present value, FV is the future value, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of years, we can calculate the present value as follows:
PV = $55 million / (1 + 0.1)^1 = $50 million
2. Year 2: The operating lease commitment is $60 million. Using the same formula, we can calculate the present value:
PV = $60 million / (1 + 0.1)^2 = $49.59 million
3. Year 3: The operating lease commitment is $60 million. Again, using the formula, we can calculate the present value:
PV = $60 million / (1 + 0.1)^3 = $45.08 million
4. Year 4: The operating lease commitment is $55 million. Using the formula, we can calculate the present value:
PV = $55 million / (1 + 0.1)^4 = $39.16 million
5. Year 5: The operating lease commitment is $50 million. Using the formula, we can calculate the present value:
PV = $50 million / (1 + 0.1)^5 = $33.78 million
By summing up the present values for each year, we can estimate the effect of the adjustment for operating leases on Cool City's balance sheet as a liability. The total present value of the operating lease commitments is approximately $217.61 million. This amount should be added to the company's balance sheet as a liability to reflect the impact of operating leases.
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An __________ is a method of testing standard operating
procedures.
I have seen this question all over and SOP is
incorrect.
The correct answer is
Audit or Internal Audit
An internal audit is a method of testing standard operating procedures. An internal audit is an independent, objective assurance, and consulting activity designed to add value and improve an organization's operations.
It helps an organization achieve its objectives by bringing a systematic, disciplined approach to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of risk management, control, and governance processes. Internal audit testing is conducted by the internal auditor, who works for the organization.
The internal auditor tests internal controls to ensure they are working correctly. This testing can include a range of procedures, such as reviewing documentation, observing processes, and interviewing staff members. Audits are also conducted by external auditors, who are not employed by the organization.
External auditors are typically hired to provide an opinion on the accuracy of an organization's financial statements. External auditors are often required to be independent of the organization to provide an unbiased opinion.Audits can also be used to evaluate the effectiveness of standard operating procedures (SOPs).
SOPs are written instructions that describe how to perform a particular task or activity. They are used to ensure that the task is completed consistently and to a high standard. Auditing SOPs helps to identify areas where the procedures are not being followed correctly and to make improvements to the SOPs.
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a fixed-proportion production function has isoquants that are
A fixed-proportion production function has isoquants that are straight lines. This is because the function requires that the inputs of production be used in a fixed proportion to each other, regardless of the scale of production.
The fixed proportion production function refers to a production function in which factors of production are used in a fixed proportion to produce a commodity.
The production function is linear, with isoquants in the shape of a straight line. The marginal rate of technical substitution (MRTS) is undefined for this production function because there is no substitution between inputs. The marginal product of one factor is zero as long as the amount of the other factor is constant, and vice versa.The isoquants represent various combinations of labor and capital that produce the same level of output. In the fixed-proportion production function, the isoquants are straight lines because the input proportions cannot be altered without affecting output.
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Question 10 (10 points) Suppose 2012 was the base year. What's the GDP deflator for 2013? Your Answer:
The GDP deflator for 2013 can be calculated by dividing the nominal GDP of 2013 by the real GDP of 2013 and multiplying by 100. The GDP deflator measures the change in price levels of all goods and services produced in an economy.
To calculate the GDP deflator for 2013:
1. Determine the nominal GDP of 2013. This is the value of goods and services produced in 2013 at current prices.
2. Determine the real GDP of 2013. This is the value of goods and services produced in 2013 at constant prices, using the base year (2012) as a reference.
3. Divide the nominal GDP of 2013 by the real GDP of 2013.
4. Multiply the result by 100 to express it as a percentage.
Here is the formula for calculating the GDP deflator:
GDP Deflator = (Nominal GDP / Real GDP) * 100
Make sure to use the correct values for nominal GDP and real GDP of 2013 in the formula to find the GDP deflator for that year.
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[The following information applies to the questions dispiayed below.] Simon Company's year-end balance sheets follow. The company's income statements for the current year and 1 year ago, follow. For b
Sorry, but it seems like the question is incomplete as it ends with "For b". Could you please provide the full question or complete your question? I'll be happy to help you then.
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Which of the following is a potential issue in a dataset on which the audit team wants to perform additional analymis? Consistently formatted dates Inclusion of fields not needed for analysis Duplicated records Inconsistent font formats
Answer:
The potential issue in the dataset that the audit team may want to perform additional analysis on is "Duplicated records."
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Rebuys usually have a more simplified buying process because:
a.
The company is buying the same product from the same supplier again
b.
Consumers already know what they want because they've bought previously
c.
The buyer has made a decision and is contractually obligated to honour it
d.
Decision influencers have a bigger role at this stage
Rebuys have a more simplified buying process because consumers have prior knowledge and experience with the product or service, allowing them to make faster and more confident decisions. b. Consumers already know what they want because they've bought previously.
When consumers engage in rebuying, they have prior experience with the product or service. This familiarity enables them to make quicker and more informed decisions during the buying process. The previous purchase acts as a reference point for their preferences and requirements.
In rebuys, consumers have already assessed the product's quality, suitability, and value. They are aware of its features, benefits, and any potential drawbacks. This prior knowledge streamlines the buying process as they can skip the initial stages of information gathering and evaluation.
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Your client is 28 years old. She wants to begin saving for
retirement, with the first payment to come one year from now. She
can save $4,000 per year, and you advise her to invest it in the
stock mark
- If she retires at 65, she will be able to withdraw approximately $158,091.60 per year.
- If she retires at 70, she will be able to withdraw approximately $87,248.71 per year.
To calculate the annual withdrawals after retirement, we can use the concept of a retirement annuity, which provides a fixed amount each year for a specified number of years.
1. Retirement at 65:
Since she expects to live for 20 years after retiring at 65, we can calculate the annual withdrawals using the future value of an annuity formula:
Future Value = Payment * [(1 + Interest Rate)^Number of Periods - 1] / Interest Rate
Payment = $4,000
Interest Rate = 11%
Number of Periods = 20
Future Value = $4,000 * [(1 + 0.11)²⁰ - 1] / 0.11
Future Value = $4,000 * (1.11²⁰ - 1) / 0.11
Using a calculator, the future value is approximately $158,091.60.
Therefore, the annual withdrawals if she retires at 65 will be $158,091.60.
2. Retirement at 70:
Since she expects to live for 15 years after retiring at 70, we can follow the same calculation process:
Future Value = Payment * [(1 + Interest Rate)^Number of Periods - 1] / Interest Rate
Payment = $4,000
Interest Rate = 11%
Number of Periods = 15
Future Value = $4,000 * [(1 + 0.11)^15 - 1] / 0.11
Future Value = $4,000 * (1.11^15 - 1) / 0.11
Using a calculator, the future value is approximately $87,248.71.
Therefore, the annual withdrawals if she retires at 70 will be $87,248.71.
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Complete Question:
Your client is 28 years old. She wants to begin saving for retirement, with the first payment to come one year from now. She can save $4,000 per year, and you advise her to invest it in the stock market, which you expect to provide an average return of 11% in the future.
If she follows your advice, how much
She expects to live for 20 years if she retires at 65 and for 15 years if she retires at 70. If her investments continue to earn the same rate, how much will she be able to withdraw at the end of each year after retirement at each retirement age? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to the nearest cent.
Annual withdrawals if she retires at 65: $
Annual withdrawals if she retires at 70: $
where can you manage your settings for wholesale billing?
Wholesale billing settings can be managed in the account or billing preferences of the platform or service used.
To manage settings for wholesale billing, you can typically access the relevant options within your account settings or billing preferences on the platform or service you are using. The exact location may vary depending on the specific platform or service provider. Look for sections related to billing, account settings, or subscriptions.
Within those sections, you may find options to toggle wholesale pricing, set wholesale rates, or manage billing arrangements specific to wholesale customers. If you're having trouble locating these settings, it's recommended to consult the platform's documentation or contact their customer support for assistance.
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Problem 11
The following information was available from the inventory records of Key Company for February:
Units Unit Cost Total Cost
Balance at February 1 3,000 $9.77 $29,310
Purchases:
February 6 2,000 10.30 20,600
February 26 2,700 10.71 28,917
Sales:
February 7 (2,500)
February 28 (4,200)
Balance at February 28 1,000
Assuming that Key uses the perpetual inventory system, what should the ending inventory be at February 28, using the moving-average inventory method, rounded to the nearest dollar?
Problem 11 options:
a)
$10,237
b)
$10,260
c)
$10,360
d)
$10,505
The given data is used to calculate the value of ending inventory under the moving average method. According to the problem, Key Company uses a perpetual inventory system to calculate its ending inventory value.
Under the moving-average method, the value of inventory is based on the average unit cost of the inventory items that are available for sale. Thus, the cost of goods sold and the cost of goods available for sale are calculated separately.
The calculation of average cost for each unit is shown below:In calculating the moving average cost, the formula used is:Moving Average cost = Cost of goods available for sale ÷ Units available for saleSo, the cost of goods available for sale is $78,827, calculated as:Total cost [tex]= (3,000 units × $9.77) + (2,000 units × $10.30) + (2,700 units × $10.71) = $29,310 + $20,600 + $28,917 = $78,827.[/tex]
Using the above formula:Moving Average cost[tex]= $78,827 ÷ (3,000 + 2,000 + 2,700) units = $78,827 ÷ 7,700 units = $10.24[/tex](rounded to the nearest cent)So, the value of ending inventory should be $10,237 (rounded to the nearest dollar). Therefore, the correct option is (a) $10,237.
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